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江苏开放大学大学英语（B）（1）作业3
When you tidy your messy bedroom, it gets a lot easier to find things. Dreams may work the same way for a messy brain, helping you learn by organizing memories and ideas.
To test how much dreams can help learning, Robert Stick had some students play a shapefitting game called Tetris (俄罗斯方块) for a few hours and then go to sleep. Soon they were dreaming of falling Tetris shapes. Interestingly, the worst Tetris players had the most Tetris dreams and improved their game the most. Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.
As we dream, many important tasks are getting done. The brain decides what to keep and what to forget. It is connecting new experiences to older learning. In fact, the brain is learning all night long.
Another important task of dreams may be to help us deal with emotions (情绪). At night, emotions are in the driver’s seat. People who have had an upsetting experience often dream about it afterward. Often the dream event changes somehow—another way the brain tries to make the memory less upset. So if your best friend moves away, you might dream that you’re the one who’s moving. In fact, dreams have a proven power to improve mood, and people who dream about what’s bothering them usually feel better sooner than those who don’t.
Everybody dreams for a couple of hours every night—in the course of your life, you’ll spend about 25 years asleep and 6 years dreaming. There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream, but there doesn’t have to be. One dream might help you remember your math facts, while another might lead to a new invention, or give you a fun, crazy story to tell your friends. It’s all in a night’s work for our busy, mysterious brains.
C-16．Robert Stickgold’s test shows that_____.
A
games are useful for memory
B
dreams can help improve skills
C
players stop learning in dreams
D
tasks can only be settled through dreams
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
推理判断题。根据第二段可知，为了证实梦对学习有帮助，Robert Stickgold做了这次实验，而实验结果表明选手的技能有所提高，根据本段最后一句“Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.”可推知，梦对学习各种技能都是有帮助的，故选B。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
17
阅读C-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
C-17．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that________.
A
dreams can get rid of sufferings
B
only drivers can deal with emotions
C
one may be less upset after a dream
D
dreams can copy what one experienced
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Another important task of dreams...emotions (情绪)”和最后一句“In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood...”可知，梦有助于改善心情，故选C。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
18
阅读C-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
C-18．Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A
Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.
B
Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.
C
It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.
D
It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.
正确答案：D学生答案：D
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.”可知，作者认为关于我们为什么会做梦的解释不止一个，但也没必要非要有一个解释。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
19
阅读C-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
C-19．What does the text focus on?
A
Dreams and memories.
B
Dreams and emotions.
C
The benefits of dreams.
D
The patterns of dreams.
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了梦的好处：有助于改善学习和情绪。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
20
阅读C-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
C-20．In which part of a magazine can this text be found?
A
Entertainment.
B
Tourism.
C
Science.
D
Advertisement.
At first glance, there is little in Horton to attract people. The other nearby towns have much more to offer: Bradfield has its river and historic buildings, while Newtown has shops and entertainment. The buildings of Horton look dirty and unloved. For shops, there is a small supermarket, a few bargain shops, a bakery which, strangely, does not sell bread and a florist which has one stand of sadlooking flowers. Even so, Horton has several advantages over its neighboring towns.
Firstly, it has a country park. Four thousand years ago, this was an important fort. There are no historic remains here now, but there are wonderful views over the countryside. On sunny weekends you can often see kids out with their parents, kicking balls or flying kites.
There aren’t many job opportunities in Horton, and the roads to nearby cities aren’t really fast, but there are excellent rail links. You can be in London in an hour and a half, and other cities are less than an hour away. That means that parents can earn a good salary and still get home in time to spend the evenings with their families. Houses in Horton aren’t pretty, but they’re functional and cheap. The streets are quiet and safe, and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds. It has a library, three primary schools and a secondary school, St.Mark’s. It is friendly and offers a wide range of subjects and activities to children of all abilities and backgrounds. The town also has a swimming and a sports centre, and the community halls hold regular clubs and events for people of all ages.
C-21. What is the writer’s main purpose?
A
To explain what tourists can do in Horton.
B
To explain why Horton is a good place to live in.
C
To explain why Horton is not as pleasant as other towns.
D
To describe the history of Horton.
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
写作意图题。通读全文，并根据文章第一段最后一句“Even so，Horton has several advantages over its neighboring towns.”和第三段对该地方的介绍说明作者想说的就是Horton这个地方适于居住。故选B。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
22
阅读C-21题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。
C-22.Which part of Horton does the writer find disappointing?
A
The shops.
B
Country park.
C
Transport links.
D
The schools.
正确答案：A学生答案：A
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。根据文章第一段对该镇商店的描述“For shops，there is a small supermarket，a few bargain shops，a bakery which，strangely，does not sell bread and a florist which has one stand of sadlooking flowers.”可知这里的商店让人失望。故选A。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
23
阅读C-21题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。
C-23. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Horton?
A
Plenty of parks and playgrounds.
B
Historical buildings.
C
The quiet and safe streets.
D
Functional and cheap houses.
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Houses in Horton aren’t pretty，but they’re functional and cheap. The streets are quiet and safe，and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds.”排除A、C、D三项；只有B不是Horton的优势。故选B。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
24
阅读C-21题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。
C-24. What advantages does Horton bring to workers?
A
There are plenty of jobs available in the town.
B
You can drive to nearby cities in a short time.
C
You can get to several cities quickly by train.
D
Working conditions are better here than in other towns.
There are two major parties in Britain today, the Conservative Party and the Labor Party, which have been in power by turns since 1945.The two—party system of Britain was formed in the course of the development of the capitalist state and the political parties. In order to strengthen the state machine, the British bourgeosie have let it come into being and exist in one form or another form since the 17th century. P.S. Tregidgo once said:“The more parties there are, the less likely it is that any one of them will be strong enough in Parliament to outvote all the others; but when there are only two, one of them is sure to have a majority of seats. This helps to ensure a strong and stable government.”This may be the reason why the British have the two party system.
The division into two parties grew out the establishment of a Protestant Church of England in the 16th century. Because of a purely religious difference of opinion, the Puritans were separated from the broad body of the Anglican Church. The non Puritan Anglicans were on the side of the King and Church, and their supporters were called by their opponents “Tories.”The Puritans were for Parliament and trade, and their supporters were called by the “Tories”“Whigs”. The Tories and the Whigs were in power by turns for a long time. In 1833,the Tory party split into two and its name was changed to Conservative. In the 1860s the Whigs became Liberals. From that time on, the Liberals and the Conservatives were in office by turns until 1922.The policies they put into effect were sometimes different, but they were both controlled by the rich.
The working class became more and more unwilling to follow the Conservatives and the Liberals. They wanted to have their own party. So the Labor party was formed by the trade unions. After 1922 the Labor Party gradually replaced the Liberal Party to become one of the two major parties in Great Britain.
C-25.What does “it” stand for in Para 1 with underline?
A
The two party system.
B
The state machine.
C
The Parliament.
D
The capitalist state.
正确答案：A学生答案：A
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。本题要求读者指出第一段的“it”指代什么。A为两党制，B为国家机器，C为议会，D 为资本主义政府，从原文可知，资产阶级是为了强化国家机器，而让两党制形成并存在的。 故答案为A。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
26
阅读C-25题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。
C-26. We can learn from what P.S Tregidgo once said that ____.
A
if there are parties in Britain, none of them will be strong enough to have control in the government
B
the more patients there are, the more likely it is that they will have the decisive say in the government
C
the two party systems contributes to the establishment of a powerful and long lasting government
D
if there are only two parties in Britain, it will be easy for the government to control them
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。本题要求读者指出从P.S.特莱吉欧说的话中可得知什么。A意思是：如果英国有政党的话，哪个党也不能控制政府。B意思是：政党越多，他们就越有可能在政府中有决定性的发言权。C意思是：两党制有利于建立一个有力的持久的政府。D意思是：如果英国只有两个政党，政府会很容易控制他们。从原文可知，A，B，D都不符合原文，故正确答案为C。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
27
阅读C-25题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。
C-27. What can we infer from the forming of the Tory Party and the Whig Party?
A
These two parties originally believed in different religions.
B
These two parties were established under the influence of different religious believes.
C
The British King and the Parliament supported different religions because they were for the two party system.
D
The British King and the Parliament were supported by different parties for political reasons.
“If you want to see a thing well, reach out and touch it!”
That may seem a strange thing to say. But touching things can help you to see them better.
Your eyes can tell you that glass ball is round. But by holding it in your hands, you can feel how smooth and cool the ball is. You can feel how heavy the glass is.
When you feel all these about the ball, you really see it.
With your skin, you can feel better. For example, your fingers can tell the difference between two coins in your pocket. You can feel a little drop of water on the back of your hand, too.
You can even feel sounds against your skin. Have you ever wanted to know why some people like very loud music? They must like to feel the sounds of music.
All children soon learn what “Don’t touch!” means. They hear it often. Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up. In shops, we touch things we might buy, such as food, clothes and so on. To see something well, we have to touch it.
The bottoms of our feet can feel things, too. You know this when you walk on warm sand, cool grass or a bad floor. All feel different under your feet.
There are ways of learning to see well by feeling.
One way is to close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching your skin. Feel the shoes on your feet, the clothes on your body, the air on your skin. At first, it is not easy to feel these things. You are too used to them!
Most museums are just for looking. But today some museums have some things to touch. Their signs say, “Do touch! There you can feel everything on show. If you want to see better, reach out and touch. Then you’ll really see!”
C-28. By touching things _____.
A
you will have a strange feeling
B
you will learn how to reach out
C
you can tell the difference between them
D
you can tell what colors they are
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
主旨判断题。全文告诉你通过触摸你可以知道许多靠肉眼不能分辨的东西。touch可以让你知道物体的不同点。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
29
阅读C-28题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。
C-29. Which of the following can be the best title of the story?
A
Touching by Feeling
B
To See or to Feel
C
To See Better Feel
D
Ways of Feeling
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
主旨大意题。根据文章中出现的 When you feel all these about the ball, you really see it 以及 To see something well, we have to touch it 和 …to see well by feeling 等我们可以推测出只有触摸，我们才能更好的看到并了解这个物体。因此答案为 C。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
30
阅读C-28题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。
C-30. When people buy things in shops, they often _____.
A
try them on first
B
put their right hand on them
C
just has a look
D
feel and touch them
Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me C-31 a question. But many times I have asked myself. I have C-32 a whole variety of reasons. C-33 important reason is that I want to be a better man.
Many things make human beings different C-34 or better than or even superior to animals.
One of the most important things is C-35. If I fail to receive higher education, my education C-36 . As I want to be a fully C-37 man, I must get a well-rounded education, which good colleges and universities are supposed to C-38. I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are C-39 the best places to teach me how to educate myself. Only when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and C-40 fit into society.
C-31.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
quite
B
so
C
such
D
another
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
such常用在不定冠词或名词前修饰可数名词或不可数名词，表示“此类的”、“这种的”，故such为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
32
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-32. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
come up with
B
agreed with
C
been fed up with
D
got on well with
正确答案：A学生答案：A
老师点评：
答案解析：
come up with意为“提出、找出”；agree with意为“同意”；be fed up with意为“对……厌倦”；get on well with意为“和……相处得好”。根据文意A为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
33
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-33. Which one is the best to fill in the blank？
A
Most
B
The most
C
More
D
Much
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
上文讲到我曾找到过各种各样的原因，其中最重要的原因应当是……，因此这里应用important的最高级，故选the most。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
34
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-34.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
to
B
around
C
between
D
from
正确答案：D学生答案：D
老师点评：
答案解析：
固定结构be different from 表示“不同于……”。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
35
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-35. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
education
B
weather
C
temperature
D
science
正确答案：A学生答案：A
老师点评：
答案解析：
本段着重说明了教育在人的发展中的作用，以及大学在教育中的地位。作为总括句，本空应填education。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
36
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-36.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
finished
B
don’ t finish
C
will not finish
D
has finished
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，意为“如果我不能受到更高等的教育，我就无法完成我的学业”，故选will not finish为正确选择。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
37
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-37. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
develop
B
developed
C
developing
D
experience
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
这里只能选可作定语的选项。过去分词developed表示“成熟的”，为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
38
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-38. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
improve
B
graduate
C
hear
D
provide
正确答案：D学生答案：D
老师点评：
答案解析：
大学应是提供高等教育的地方, provide符合文意为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
39
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-39. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
between
B
among
C
inside
D
outside
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
介词among可表示“包括……在内”为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
40
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-40. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
can good
B
may better
C
be able to better
D
be able to best
After this agreement is signed by the two parties, both parties shall strictly abide by it.
A
在双方签约后，各方应严格遵守本协议。
B
在两党达成协议后，各党派将严格遵守它。
C
在双方达成协议后，各方应严格遵守。
D
在两党签约后，各党派都应严格遵守本协议。
The farmer can continue to support himself and his family only if he produces a surplus.
A
只要农民生产有剩余，就能养活自己和家人。
B
只有生产更多的农作物，农民才能养活自己和家人。
C
只有当拥有盈余时，农民才能持续地供养自己和家人。
D
农民生产有剩余，只有这样，他才能养活自己和家人。
A careers adviser provides information, advice and guidance to help people make realistic choices about their education, training and work.
A
职业顾问向人们提供信息和咨询，并给予指导， 帮助人们规划他们的教育培训和职业。
B
职业顾问提供信息、咨询和指导，帮助人们对自己的教育、培训和工作做出现实选择。
C
人们只有经过职业培训和规划，并获得大量的信息与指导后才能找到自己满意的工作。
D
人们可以从职业介绍所获得具体的信息和咨询，指导他们对自己的职业做出明智选择。
Our management technique has been proven to be the most effective way to get into a target market and acquire potential customers.
A
我们的管理业务已经实现了市场目标，新客户也已获利，形势令人鼓舞。
B
我们的管理理念是极为先进的，市场定位也是准确的，会赢得新的客户。
C
我们的管理方法证明是非常有效的，可以实现市场目标并吸引更多客户。
D
我们的管理技术业已证明是进入目标市场并获得潜在客户的最有效途径。
Our program is aimed to train the right candidates in all aspects of business and marketing as well as in communication and team leadership.
A
我们的规划是培训各种求职人员，涉及到得商务、营销以及各种工作团队人员都需参加。
B
我们设定的项目是培训所需要的替补人才，涉及商务、营销以及交际和团队领导等方面。
C
我们的项目旨在培养商务和营销各方面的合格后备人才，及交际人才和团队领导人才。
D
我们正在规划选拔各个商务领域的求职人员，他们都需要具有交际和领导团队的能力。
My Favorite Sport（我最喜欢的运动）
写作说明：
（1）日常生活中你可能参与很多种体育运动，诸如……；
（2）你最喜欢的体育运动是……
You probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three state-of-the-art（先进的）ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland & Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company. The Olympic class included the Olympic, the Britannic and the Titanic. What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn.t even the flagship of this class. All in all, the Olympic class ships were marvels of sea engineering, but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.
The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly the Britannic in 1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the water.
Stretching 269.13 meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology, and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time. However, all suffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did, but it was the only one to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster, the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well.
Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews below deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship.s smoke stacks, but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose. While two of these ships sank, they were all designed with double hulls（船体）believed to make them "unsinkable", perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic.s and the Britannic.s tragic end.
The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship and troop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken out of service in 1935, ending the era of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners.
What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships?
A
They performed marvelously on the sea.
B
They could all break the ice in their way.
C
They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
D
They were models of modern engineering.
学生答案：C
老师点评：
题型：
单选题
客观题
分值
2
分
2
What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?
A
Their capacity of sailing across all waters.
B
The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
C
Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.
D
The long voyages they were able to undertake.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：
单选题
客观题
分值
2
分
3
What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?
A
It was a mere piece of decoration.
B
It was the work of a famous artist.
C
It was designed to let out extra smoke.
D
It was easily identifiable from afar.
学生答案：A
老师点评：
题型：
单选题
客观题
分值
2
分
4
What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?
A
Their unscientific designs.
B
Their captains. misjudgment.
C
The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.
D
The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.
学生答案：D
老师点评：
题型：
单选题
客观题
分值
2
分
5
What happened to the ship Olympic in the end?
A
She was used to carry troops.
B
She was sunk in World War I.
C
She was converted into a hospital ship.
D
She was retired after her naval service.
学生答案：D
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people.s mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. "There could be a number of reasons," he said, "for example, people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don.t make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery（彩票）winners who had won more than £500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."
Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people.s sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of Essex.
Explaining what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other things that we think will make us happy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and a positive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said, "There.s growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces."
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia（痴呆症） increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn.t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it.s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women.s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don.t remember even seeing it, that.s far more concerning, Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that.s "a red flag that something more serious may be involved." Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you.ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn.t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications（药物）like antidepressants.
You don.t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain.s cognitive（认知的）reserve, Daffner says.
"Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways," he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.
To test how much dreams can help learning, Robert Stick had some students play a shapefitting game called Tetris (俄罗斯方块) for a few hours and then go to sleep. Soon they were dreaming of falling Tetris shapes. Interestingly, the worst Tetris players had the most Tetris dreams and improved their game the most. Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.
As we dream, many important tasks are getting done. The brain decides what to keep and what to forget. It is connecting new experiences to older learning. In fact, the brain is learning all night long.
Another important task of dreams may be to help us deal with emotions (情绪). At night, emotions are in the driver’s seat. People who have had an upsetting experience often dream about it afterward. Often the dream event changes somehow—another way the brain tries to make the memory less upset. So if your best friend moves away, you might dream that you’re the one who’s moving. In fact, dreams have a proven power to improve mood, and people who dream about what’s bothering them usually feel better sooner than those who don’t.
Everybody dreams for a couple of hours every night—in the course of your life, you’ll spend about 25 years asleep and 6 years dreaming. There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream, but there doesn’t have to be. One dream might help you remember your math facts, while another might lead to a new invention, or give you a fun, crazy story to tell your friends. It’s all in a night’s work for our busy, mysterious brains.
C-16．Robert Stickgold’s test shows that_____.
A
games are useful for memory
B
dreams can help improve skills
C
players stop learning in dreams
D
tasks can only be settled through dreams
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
推理判断题。根据第二段可知，为了证实梦对学习有帮助，Robert Stickgold做了这次实验，而实验结果表明选手的技能有所提高，根据本段最后一句“Similar tests have shown the same results for all kinds of skills.”可推知，梦对学习各种技能都是有帮助的，故选B。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
17
阅读C-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
C-17．We can learn from Paragraph 4 that________.
A
dreams can get rid of sufferings
B
only drivers can deal with emotions
C
one may be less upset after a dream
D
dreams can copy what one experienced
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“Another important task of dreams...emotions (情绪)”和最后一句“In fact，dreams have a proven power to improve mood...”可知，梦有助于改善心情，故选C。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
18
阅读C-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
C-18．Which of the following does the author probably agree with?
A
Dreaming does harm to one’s mood.
B
Dreaming affects the quality of sleep.
C
It’s hard to find out the secrets of dreaming.
D
It’s not so important to know the cause of dreaming.
正确答案：D学生答案：D
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句“There’s probably no single answer to the question why we dream，but there doesn’t have to be.”可知，作者认为关于我们为什么会做梦的解释不止一个，但也没必要非要有一个解释。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
19
阅读C-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
C-19．What does the text focus on?
A
Dreams and memories.
B
Dreams and emotions.
C
The benefits of dreams.
D
The patterns of dreams.
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要说明了梦的好处：有助于改善学习和情绪。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
20
阅读C-16题干中Passage One材料，完成本题。
C-20．In which part of a magazine can this text be found?
A
Entertainment.
B
Tourism.
C
Science.
D
Advertisement.
At first glance, there is little in Horton to attract people. The other nearby towns have much more to offer: Bradfield has its river and historic buildings, while Newtown has shops and entertainment. The buildings of Horton look dirty and unloved. For shops, there is a small supermarket, a few bargain shops, a bakery which, strangely, does not sell bread and a florist which has one stand of sadlooking flowers. Even so, Horton has several advantages over its neighboring towns.
Firstly, it has a country park. Four thousand years ago, this was an important fort. There are no historic remains here now, but there are wonderful views over the countryside. On sunny weekends you can often see kids out with their parents, kicking balls or flying kites.
There aren’t many job opportunities in Horton, and the roads to nearby cities aren’t really fast, but there are excellent rail links. You can be in London in an hour and a half, and other cities are less than an hour away. That means that parents can earn a good salary and still get home in time to spend the evenings with their families. Houses in Horton aren’t pretty, but they’re functional and cheap. The streets are quiet and safe, and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds. It has a library, three primary schools and a secondary school, St.Mark’s. It is friendly and offers a wide range of subjects and activities to children of all abilities and backgrounds. The town also has a swimming and a sports centre, and the community halls hold regular clubs and events for people of all ages.
C-21. What is the writer’s main purpose?
A
To explain what tourists can do in Horton.
B
To explain why Horton is a good place to live in.
C
To explain why Horton is not as pleasant as other towns.
D
To describe the history of Horton.
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
写作意图题。通读全文，并根据文章第一段最后一句“Even so，Horton has several advantages over its neighboring towns.”和第三段对该地方的介绍说明作者想说的就是Horton这个地方适于居住。故选B。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
22
阅读C-21题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。
C-22.Which part of Horton does the writer find disappointing?
A
The shops.
B
Country park.
C
Transport links.
D
The schools.
正确答案：A学生答案：A
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。根据文章第一段对该镇商店的描述“For shops，there is a small supermarket，a few bargain shops，a bakery which，strangely，does not sell bread and a florist which has one stand of sadlooking flowers.”可知这里的商店让人失望。故选A。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
23
阅读C-21题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。
C-23. Which of the following is NOT the advantage of Horton?
A
Plenty of parks and playgrounds.
B
Historical buildings.
C
The quiet and safe streets.
D
Functional and cheap houses.
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。根据第三段的“Houses in Horton aren’t pretty，but they’re functional and cheap. The streets are quiet and safe，and there are plenty of parks and playgrounds.”排除A、C、D三项；只有B不是Horton的优势。故选B。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
24
阅读C-21题干中Passage Two材料，完成本题。
C-24. What advantages does Horton bring to workers?
A
There are plenty of jobs available in the town.
B
You can drive to nearby cities in a short time.
C
You can get to several cities quickly by train.
D
Working conditions are better here than in other towns.
There are two major parties in Britain today, the Conservative Party and the Labor Party, which have been in power by turns since 1945.The two—party system of Britain was formed in the course of the development of the capitalist state and the political parties. In order to strengthen the state machine, the British bourgeosie have let it come into being and exist in one form or another form since the 17th century. P.S. Tregidgo once said:“The more parties there are, the less likely it is that any one of them will be strong enough in Parliament to outvote all the others; but when there are only two, one of them is sure to have a majority of seats. This helps to ensure a strong and stable government.”This may be the reason why the British have the two party system.
The division into two parties grew out the establishment of a Protestant Church of England in the 16th century. Because of a purely religious difference of opinion, the Puritans were separated from the broad body of the Anglican Church. The non Puritan Anglicans were on the side of the King and Church, and their supporters were called by their opponents “Tories.”The Puritans were for Parliament and trade, and their supporters were called by the “Tories”“Whigs”. The Tories and the Whigs were in power by turns for a long time. In 1833,the Tory party split into two and its name was changed to Conservative. In the 1860s the Whigs became Liberals. From that time on, the Liberals and the Conservatives were in office by turns until 1922.The policies they put into effect were sometimes different, but they were both controlled by the rich.
The working class became more and more unwilling to follow the Conservatives and the Liberals. They wanted to have their own party. So the Labor party was formed by the trade unions. After 1922 the Labor Party gradually replaced the Liberal Party to become one of the two major parties in Great Britain.
C-25.What does “it” stand for in Para 1 with underline?
A
The two party system.
B
The state machine.
C
The Parliament.
D
The capitalist state.
正确答案：A学生答案：A
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。本题要求读者指出第一段的“it”指代什么。A为两党制，B为国家机器，C为议会，D 为资本主义政府，从原文可知，资产阶级是为了强化国家机器，而让两党制形成并存在的。 故答案为A。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
26
阅读C-25题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。
C-26. We can learn from what P.S Tregidgo once said that ____.
A
if there are parties in Britain, none of them will be strong enough to have control in the government
B
the more patients there are, the more likely it is that they will have the decisive say in the government
C
the two party systems contributes to the establishment of a powerful and long lasting government
D
if there are only two parties in Britain, it will be easy for the government to control them
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
细节理解题。本题要求读者指出从P.S.特莱吉欧说的话中可得知什么。A意思是：如果英国有政党的话，哪个党也不能控制政府。B意思是：政党越多，他们就越有可能在政府中有决定性的发言权。C意思是：两党制有利于建立一个有力的持久的政府。D意思是：如果英国只有两个政党，政府会很容易控制他们。从原文可知，A，B，D都不符合原文，故正确答案为C。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：较难得分：2
27
阅读C-25题干中Passage Three材料，完成本题。
C-27. What can we infer from the forming of the Tory Party and the Whig Party?
A
These two parties originally believed in different religions.
B
These two parties were established under the influence of different religious believes.
C
The British King and the Parliament supported different religions because they were for the two party system.
D
The British King and the Parliament were supported by different parties for political reasons.
“If you want to see a thing well, reach out and touch it!”
That may seem a strange thing to say. But touching things can help you to see them better.
Your eyes can tell you that glass ball is round. But by holding it in your hands, you can feel how smooth and cool the ball is. You can feel how heavy the glass is.
When you feel all these about the ball, you really see it.
With your skin, you can feel better. For example, your fingers can tell the difference between two coins in your pocket. You can feel a little drop of water on the back of your hand, too.
You can even feel sounds against your skin. Have you ever wanted to know why some people like very loud music? They must like to feel the sounds of music.
All children soon learn what “Don’t touch!” means. They hear it often. Yet most of us keep on touching things as we grow up. In shops, we touch things we might buy, such as food, clothes and so on. To see something well, we have to touch it.
The bottoms of our feet can feel things, too. You know this when you walk on warm sand, cool grass or a bad floor. All feel different under your feet.
There are ways of learning to see well by feeling.
One way is to close your eyes and try to feel everything that is touching your skin. Feel the shoes on your feet, the clothes on your body, the air on your skin. At first, it is not easy to feel these things. You are too used to them!
Most museums are just for looking. But today some museums have some things to touch. Their signs say, “Do touch! There you can feel everything on show. If you want to see better, reach out and touch. Then you’ll really see!”
C-28. By touching things _____.
A
you will have a strange feeling
B
you will learn how to reach out
C
you can tell the difference between them
D
you can tell what colors they are
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
主旨判断题。全文告诉你通过触摸你可以知道许多靠肉眼不能分辨的东西。touch可以让你知道物体的不同点。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
29
阅读C-28题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。
C-29. Which of the following can be the best title of the story?
A
Touching by Feeling
B
To See or to Feel
C
To See Better Feel
D
Ways of Feeling
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
主旨大意题。根据文章中出现的 When you feel all these about the ball, you really see it 以及 To see something well, we have to touch it 和 …to see well by feeling 等我们可以推测出只有触摸，我们才能更好的看到并了解这个物体。因此答案为 C。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：中等得分：2
30
阅读C-28题干中Passage Four材料，完成本题。
C-30. When people buy things in shops, they often _____.
A
try them on first
B
put their right hand on them
C
just has a look
D
feel and touch them
Why do I want to go to college? No one has ever asked me C-31 a question. But many times I have asked myself. I have C-32 a whole variety of reasons. C-33 important reason is that I want to be a better man.
Many things make human beings different C-34 or better than or even superior to animals.
One of the most important things is C-35. If I fail to receive higher education, my education C-36 . As I want to be a fully C-37 man, I must get a well-rounded education, which good colleges and universities are supposed to C-38. I know one can get educated in many ways, but colleges and universities are C-39 the best places to teach me how to educate myself. Only when I am well-educated, will I be a better human being and C-40 fit into society.
C-31.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
quite
B
so
C
such
D
another
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
such常用在不定冠词或名词前修饰可数名词或不可数名词，表示“此类的”、“这种的”，故such为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
32
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-32. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
come up with
B
agreed with
C
been fed up with
D
got on well with
正确答案：A学生答案：A
老师点评：
答案解析：
come up with意为“提出、找出”；agree with意为“同意”；be fed up with意为“对……厌倦”；get on well with意为“和……相处得好”。根据文意A为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
33
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-33. Which one is the best to fill in the blank？
A
Most
B
The most
C
More
D
Much
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
上文讲到我曾找到过各种各样的原因，其中最重要的原因应当是……，因此这里应用important的最高级，故选the most。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
34
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-34.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
to
B
around
C
between
D
from
正确答案：D学生答案：D
老师点评：
答案解析：
固定结构be different from 表示“不同于……”。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
35
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-35. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
education
B
weather
C
temperature
D
science
正确答案：A学生答案：A
老师点评：
答案解析：
本段着重说明了教育在人的发展中的作用，以及大学在教育中的地位。作为总括句，本空应填education。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
36
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-36.Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
finished
B
don’ t finish
C
will not finish
D
has finished
正确答案：C学生答案：C
老师点评：
答案解析：
这是一个含有条件状语从句的复合句，意为“如果我不能受到更高等的教育，我就无法完成我的学业”，故选will not finish为正确选择。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
37
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-37. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
develop
B
developed
C
developing
D
experience
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
这里只能选可作定语的选项。过去分词developed表示“成熟的”，为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
38
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-38. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
improve
B
graduate
C
hear
D
provide
正确答案：D学生答案：D
老师点评：
答案解析：
大学应是提供高等教育的地方, provide符合文意为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
39
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-39. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
between
B
among
C
inside
D
outside
正确答案：B学生答案：B
老师点评：
答案解析：
介词among可表示“包括……在内”为正确选项。
题型：单选题客观题分值2分难度：一般得分：2
40
阅读C-31题干中材料，完成本题。
C-40. Which one is the best to fill in the blank?
A
can good
B
may better
C
be able to better
D
be able to best
After this agreement is signed by the two parties, both parties shall strictly abide by it.
A
在双方签约后，各方应严格遵守本协议。
B
在两党达成协议后，各党派将严格遵守它。
C
在双方达成协议后，各方应严格遵守。
D
在两党签约后，各党派都应严格遵守本协议。
The farmer can continue to support himself and his family only if he produces a surplus.
A
只要农民生产有剩余，就能养活自己和家人。
B
只有生产更多的农作物，农民才能养活自己和家人。
C
只有当拥有盈余时，农民才能持续地供养自己和家人。
D
农民生产有剩余，只有这样，他才能养活自己和家人。
A careers adviser provides information, advice and guidance to help people make realistic choices about their education, training and work.
A
职业顾问向人们提供信息和咨询，并给予指导， 帮助人们规划他们的教育培训和职业。
B
职业顾问提供信息、咨询和指导，帮助人们对自己的教育、培训和工作做出现实选择。
C
人们只有经过职业培训和规划，并获得大量的信息与指导后才能找到自己满意的工作。
D
人们可以从职业介绍所获得具体的信息和咨询，指导他们对自己的职业做出明智选择。
Our management technique has been proven to be the most effective way to get into a target market and acquire potential customers.
A
我们的管理业务已经实现了市场目标，新客户也已获利，形势令人鼓舞。
B
我们的管理理念是极为先进的，市场定位也是准确的，会赢得新的客户。
C
我们的管理方法证明是非常有效的，可以实现市场目标并吸引更多客户。
D
我们的管理技术业已证明是进入目标市场并获得潜在客户的最有效途径。
Our program is aimed to train the right candidates in all aspects of business and marketing as well as in communication and team leadership.
A
我们的规划是培训各种求职人员，涉及到得商务、营销以及各种工作团队人员都需参加。
B
我们设定的项目是培训所需要的替补人才，涉及商务、营销以及交际和团队领导等方面。
C
我们的项目旨在培养商务和营销各方面的合格后备人才，及交际人才和团队领导人才。
D
我们正在规划选拔各个商务领域的求职人员，他们都需要具有交际和领导团队的能力。
My Favorite Sport（我最喜欢的运动）
写作说明：
（1）日常生活中你可能参与很多种体育运动，诸如……；
（2）你最喜欢的体育运动是……
You probably know about the Titanic, but it was actually just one of three state-of-the-art（先进的）ocean ships back in the day. The Olympic class ships were built by the Harland & Wolff ship makers in Northern Ireland for the White Star Line company. The Olympic class included the Olympic, the Britannic and the Titanic. What you may not know is that the Titanic wasn.t even the flagship of this class. All in all, the Olympic class ships were marvels of sea engineering, but they seemed cursed to suffer disastrous fates.
The Olympic launched first in 1910, followed by the Titanic in 1911, and lastly the Britannic in 1914. The ships had nine decks, and White Star Line decided to focus on making them the most luxurious ships on the water.
Stretching 269.13 meters, the Olympic class ships were wonders of naval technology, and everyone thought that they would continue to be so for quite some time. However, all suffered terrible accidents on the open seas. The Olympic got wrecked before the Titanic did, but it was the only one to survive and maintain a successful career of 24 years. The Titanic was the first to sink after famously hitting a huge iceberg in 1912. Following this disaster, the Britannic hit a naval mine in 1916 and subsequently sank as well.
Each ship was coal-powered by several boilers constantly kept running by exhausted crews below deck. Most recognizable of the ship designs are the ship.s smoke stacks, but the fourth stack was actually just artistic in nature and served no functional purpose. While two of these ships sank, they were all designed with double hulls（船体）believed to make them "unsinkable", perhaps a mistaken idea that led to the Titanic.s and the Britannic.s tragic end.
The Olympic suffered two crashes with other ships and went on to serve as a hospital ship and troop transport in World War I. Eventually, she was taken out of service in 1935, ending the era of the luxurious Olympic class ocean liners.
What does the passage say about the three Olympic class ships?
A
They performed marvelously on the sea.
B
They could all break the ice in their way.
C
They all experienced terrible misfortunes.
D
They were models of modern engineering.
学生答案：C
老师点评：
题型：
单选题
客观题
分值
2
分
2
What did White Star Line have in mind when it purchased the three ships?
A
Their capacity of sailing across all waters.
B
The utmost comfort passengers could enjoy.
C
Their ability to survive disasters of any kind.
D
The long voyages they were able to undertake.
学生答案：B
老师点评：
题型：
单选题
客观题
分值
2
分
3
What is said about the fourth stack of the ships?
A
It was a mere piece of decoration.
B
It was the work of a famous artist.
C
It was designed to let out extra smoke.
D
It was easily identifiable from afar.
学生答案：A
老师点评：
题型：
单选题
客观题
分值
2
分
4
What might have led to the tragic end of the Titanic and the Britannic?
A
Their unscientific designs.
B
Their captains. misjudgment.
C
The assumption that they were built with the latest technology.
D
The belief that they could never sink with a double-layer body.
学生答案：D
老师点评：
题型：
单选题
客观题
分值
2
分
5
What happened to the ship Olympic in the end?
A
She was used to carry troops.
B
She was sunk in World War I.
C
She was converted into a hospital ship.
D
She was retired after her naval service.
学生答案：D
Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people.s mental well-being, a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect, unlike pay rises or promotions, which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White, from the University of Exeter, UK, explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. "There could be a number of reasons," he said, "for example, people do many things to make themselves happier: they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married. But the trouble with those things is that within six months to a year, people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So, these things are not sustainable; they don.t make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery（彩票）winners who had won more than £500,000 the positive effect was definitely there, but after six months to a year, they were back to the baseline."
Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people.s sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this, the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of Essex.
Explaining what the data revealed, he said: "What you see is that even after three years, mental health is still better, which is unlike many other things that we think will make us happy." He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.
With a growing body of evidence establishing a link between urban green spaces and a positive impact on human well-being, Dr. White said, "There.s growing interest among public policy officials, but the trouble is who funds it. What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces."
Losing your ability to think and remember is pretty scary. We know the risk of dementia（痴呆症） increases with age. But if you have memory slips, you probably needn.t worry. There are pretty clear differences between signs of dementia and age-related memory loss.
After age 50, it.s quite common to have trouble remembering the names of people, places and things quickly, says Dr. Kirk Daffner of Brigham and Women.s Hospital in Boston.
The brain ages just like the rest of the body. Certain parts shrink, especially areas in the brain that are important to learning, memory and planning. Changes in brain cells can affect communication between different regions of the brain. And blood flow can be reduced as blood vessels narrow.
Forgetting the name of an actor in a favorite movie, for example, is nothing to worry about. But if you forget the plot of the movie or don.t remember even seeing it, that.s far more concerning, Daffner says.
When you forget entire experiences, he says, that.s "a red flag that something more serious may be involved." Forgetting how to operate a familiar object like a microwave oven, or forgetting how to drive to the house of a friend you.ve visited many times before can also be signs of something going wrong.
But even then, Daffner says, people shouldn.t panic. There are many things that can cause confusion and memory loss, including health problems like temporary stoppage of breathing during sleep, high blood pressure, or depression, as well as medications（药物）like antidepressants.
You don.t have to figure this out on your own. Daffner suggests going to your doctor to check on medications, health problems and other issues that could be affecting memory. And the best defense against memory loss is to try to prevent it by building up your brain.s cognitive（认知的）reserve, Daffner says.
"Read books, go to movies, take on new hobbies or activities that force one to think in novel ways," he says. In other words, keep your brain busy and working. And also get physically active, because exercise is a known brain booster.