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统招专升本-----英语
Passage Six
In order to learn a foreign language well, it is necessary to overcome the fear of making mistakes. If the primary goal of language use is communication, then mistakes are secondary considerations that may be dealt with gradually as awareness of those mistakes increases. On the other hand, students should not ignore their mistakes. The language learner may observe how native speakers express themselves, and how native expressions differ from the way the learner might say them. For example, a Spanish speaker who has been saying “I do it” to express willingness to do something in the immediate future, could, by interacting with native speakers of English, observe that native speakers actually say “I’ll do it”. The resulting difference can serve as a basis for the student to modify his way of using the present tense in English. But a student who is unwilling to interact in the first place would lose this opportunity to learn by trial of an error.
186. According to the passage, the present tense in English is ______.
A. not used to express a desire to do something in the immediate future
B. used with some verbs but not with others to express future intention
C. basically the same in English as it is in Spanish
D. speaking without regard for native speakers
187. According to the passage, language learners can reduce the number of their mistakes by______.
A. asking native speakers for explanations
B. reading good books in the foreign language
C. comparing their speech with that of native speakers
D. learning through trial of an error
188. According to the passage, foreign language students who do not interact with native speaker will NOT ______.
A. learn very much about the foreign culture
B. learn about the history of the foreign language
C. have to worry about making mistakes
D. take advantage of available language models
189. According to the passage, foreign language students should not worry too much about making mistakes because _______.
A. native speakers like foreign students who try to learn their language
B. communication is the primary goal of language learning
C. native speakers will ignore their mistakes
D. everyone makes mistakes when trying to communicate in a strange language
190. The author.s major conclusion about the function of mistakes in foreign language learning is that ______.
A. mistakes are not important in the process of learning a language
B. learners are often very afraid of making mistakes
C. making mistakes can help the learner discover the rules of the language
D. native speakers often do not tell foreign language learners about their mistakes
Passage Seven I found my father a very hard man to understand when I was young. He was very short and thin and had large blue eyes. I could have loved him as I did my mother, but he seemed to hold us off so that we could not approach him or sit on his knee as love to do. I believe he had a hard life as a child, and I know that he left school at the age of ten and started to work. This made him an unsociable man, unfriendly even to the people closest to him. I never knew him to have a close friend as the other men did. Everything he did had to be precise. If he chopped the sticks for the fire, each stick would be the same length and thickness as all the others, and they would all be stacked without one out of place. His motto was "If a thing is worth doing, it is worth doing well". In our household his word was law and nobody dared dispute it. He worked hard when in a job and saw to it that we children learned the meaning of work. My mother did not have much pleasure but I do not remember her ever complaining ---except on Sunday afternoons when father would take off his clothes and get into bed, leaving her to mend his working clothes while he had his rest. This she disliked very much, for the clothes were dirty from the work he had been doing and she hated handling anything that was not clean. 191. The writer found it difficult to understand her father because he _____. A. looked distant B. rejected affection C. ill-treated the family D. hated keeping company with children 192. What did the writer think made her father unsociable? A. An unhappy childhood. B. A lack of friends. C. No interest in hobbies. D. Not smoking or drinking. 193. What was particular about the sticks for the fire? A. They were arranged in a pattern. B. They were chopped in only one place. C. They were similar in length. D. They all weighed the same. 194. The writer.s father believed that ______. A. you should only do things for which you have the ability B. only important jobs are worth doing well C. you should only attempt worthwhile jobs D. anything you do should be done to your best ability 195. What did the writer.s mother dislike about Sunday afternoons? A. Working while her husband rested. B. Repairing her husband.s clothes. C. Not being able to derive any pleasure from what she herself found delightful. D. Touching unclean clothes.
Passage Eight Have you ever wondered why different animals or pests have their particular colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves. Birds, especially seagulls, are very fond of locusts, but birds cannot easily catch locusts because locusts change their colors together with the change of the color of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But when crops are ripe, locusts take on exactly the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are usually easily found and eaten by their enemies. So they have to hide themselves in terror for lives and appear only at night. If you study the animal life in any part of the world, you will find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, wolves and other beasts move quietly through forests. They are usually invisible to the eyes of hunters, because they have the color much like the barks of trees. An even stranger act remains to be noticed. A kind of fish living in seas can send out a kind of very black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over, its enemies cannot find it, and it immediately swims away. Thus, it has existed up to now though it is not powerful at all. 196. This passage mainly talks about ______. A. the change of color in locusts B. the protective coloration of animals and pests C. how a certain sea fish protects itself D. animals or pests can dye themselves different colors 197. Locusts are not easily wiped out by their enemies because ______. A. they are powerful enough B. they are dangerous to their enemies C. they take on the same colors as crops D. they fly extraordinary fast 198. The pests that have different colors from plants usually appear at night because ______. A. birds take their rest when night comes B. their enemies can easily find them and eat them C. they have the habit of coming out in darkness D. it’s easy for them to destroy plants in darkness 199. Bears and wolves have the same colors as barks of trees because ______. A. they fear other beasts B. they prefer brown or grey colors C. they enjoy walking through forests quietly D. the colors help prevent themselves from being noticed 200. A certain fish living in seas has lived through millions of tears because ______. A. it is the most powerful in the sea B. it can swim much faster than any other fish C. it can send out a kind of liquid which makes its enemies unable to find it D. it can send out a kind of liquid which can kill its enemies
Passage Nine Advertising has become a very specialized activity in modern times. In the business world of today, supply is usually greater than demand. There is great competition between different manufacturers of the same kind of product to persuade customers to buy their own particular brand. They always have to remind the consumer of the name and the qualities of their product. They do this by advertising. The manufacturer advertises in the newspapers and on posters. He sometimes pays for songs about his product in commercial radio programs. He employs attractive salesgirls to distribute samples of it. He organizes competitions, with prizes for the winners. He often advertises on the screens of local cinemas. Most important of all, in countries that have television he has advertisements put into programs that will accept them. Manufacturers often spend large sums of money on advertisements. We buy a particular product because we think that it is the best. We usually think so because of the advertisements that say so. Some people never pause to ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth. 201. How many kinds of advertisements are mentioned in the passage? A. 7. B. 5. C. 4. D. 8. 202. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. Some people never have any doubts about what advertisements tell them. B. Great competition exists between different manufacturers of the same products. C. The customer usually demands more than the manufacturer can supply. D. The manufacturer wants to persuade customers to buy his own brand. 203. Which of the following advertisements is the most important one? A. Advertising in the newspapers. B. Putting advertisements into TV programs. C. Distributing samples by attractive salesgirls. D. Organizing competitions with prizes for the winners. 204. The passage tells us that the customer usually buys a particular brand because he thinks that ______. A. he can get a prize B. it is the cheapest C. there is great competition between customers for the same brand D. it is the best 205. Which of the following can best be used as the title of the passage? A. Different Approaches to Advertising B. Supply and Demand C. The Manufacturer and the Customer D. The Negative Sides of Advertising
Passage Ten It seems that beauty and women are twins. You are joking? No, I am not. Observe for yourself. Ads on fashion flood TV screens, radio programs, magazines, newspapers, and the streets. Whether they have realized or not, women are besieged （包围）by a sea of fashion. They are taught to think that without beautiful clothes they will grow old and lose their charm. So who dares to neglect dressing up at the cost of their appearance and youth? But I do not agree with the opinion that women have to show their beauty through their looks. The richness of their mind proves to be more beautiful and attractive than their looks. A woman who has experienced many troubles and may be called “aunt” or “granny” can still maintain her beauty if she has such excellent qualities as knowledge, ability, a kind heart, great courage and concern for others. In addition, old and young, beautiful and ugly are relative concepts（概念）. People who keep a young mind will never feel old. Curious about new things and eager to learn more, they keep up with the tide. Plainly dressed women may have a type of beauty, which is pure and real. Reading and learning is the best way to keep one youthful. Good books are fertile（肥沃的）soil which can feed the flower of one’s heart and looks. 206. Why does the author say that beauty and women are twins? A. Women are born to be beauties. B. Women like to show off their beauty. C. Women try to maintain their beauty by dressing up. D. Women are proud of their beauty. 207. According to the author, in order to stay young and attractive, women should ______. A. follow the fashion B. dress up in beautiful clothes C. do more exercises D. enrich their mind 208. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. As a woman grows old, her beauty will gradually disappear. B. However old she is, a woman with some excellent qualities can still maintain her beauty. C. Even a plainly dressed woman may have pure and real beauty. D. A woman with a young mind never feels old. 209. The word “relative” (line 1, paragraph 3) most probably means _______. A. similar B. comparative C. related D. independent 210. The author believes that ________. A. women should lay more emphasis on their own qualities B. beautiful clothes can make women more attractive C. women have to show their beauty through their looks D. women are more curious about new things than men
Passage Eleven Some psychologists maintain that mental acts such as thinking are not performed in the brain alone, but that one.s muscles also participate. It may be said that we think with our muscles in somewhat the same way that we listen to music with our bodies. You surely are not surprised to be told that you usually listen to music not only with your ears but with your whole body. Few people can listen to music that is more or less familiar without moving their bodies or, more specifically, some parts of their bodies. Often when one listens to a concert on the radio, he is tempted to direct the band even though he knows there is a competent conductor on the job. Strange as this behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it. One cannot get all possible enjoyment from music unless he participates, so to speak, in its performance. The listener “feels” himself into the music with more or less pronounced motions of his body. The muscles of the body actually participate in the mental process of thinking in the same way, but this participation is less obvious because it is less pronounced. 211. Some psychologists maintain that thinking is______. A. not a mental process B. more of a physical process than a mental action C. a process that involves the muscles as well as the whole body D. a process that involves the muscles as well as the brain 212. The process of thinking and that of listening are similar in that ______. A. both are mental acts B. muscles participate in both processes C. both processes are performed by the entire body D. we obtain equal enjoyment from them 213. The pronounced body motions are a listener’s way of ______. A. “feeling” the music B. participating in the performance C. deriving enjoyment from the music D. all of the above 214. Body movements are necessary in order for the listener to ______. A. hear the music B. appreciate the music C. train the muscle D. figure out the real meaning of a piece of music 215. The best title for this selection is _______. A. An Ear for Music B. Music Appreciation C. How Muscles Participates in Mental Acts D. A Psychological Definition of the Thinking Process
Passage Twelve The Red Cross is an international organization which cares for people who are in need of help. A man in a Paris hospital who needs blood, a woman in Mexico who was injured in an earthquake, and a family in India that lost their home in a storm may all be aided by the Red Cross. The Red Cross exists in almost every country around the globe. The world Red Cross organizations are sometimes called the Red Crescent, the Red Mogen David, the Sun, and the Red Lion. All of these agencies share a common goal of trying to help people in need. The idea of forming an organization to help the sick and wounded during a war started with Jean Henri Dunant. In 1859, he observed how people were suffering on a battlefield in Italy. He wanted to help all the wounded people regardless of which side they were fighting for. The most important result of his work was an international treaty called the Geneva Convention. It protects prisoners of war, the sick and wounded, and other citizens during a war. The American Red Cross was set up by Clara Barton in 1881. Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of services for the public, such as helping people in need, teaching first aid, demonstrating water safety and artificial respiration, and providing blood. 216. A good title for this selection is ____. A. The International Red Cross B. Safety at Home and School C. Clara Barton and the Sun D. The American Red Cross 217. The word “aided” in paragraph 1 means ______. A. reported B. understood C. caught D. helped 218. The author really tries to make the reader see that this organization ______. A. costs very little money B. helps any people in need C. teaches first aid if necessary D. gets into trouble 219. The person who started the idea of this organization was ______. A. Cross B. Barton C. Dunant D. a prisoner of war 220. The American Red Cross aimed at ______. A. helping people in need B. teaching first aid, demonstrating water safety and artificial respiration C. providing blood for the sick and wounded D. all of the above
Passage One Dr. William C Stokoe, Jr., was the chairman of the English Department at Gallaudet University. He saw the way deaf people communicated and was extremely 221 . He was a hearing person, and signs of the deaf were totally new to him. Dr. Stokoe decided to propose a study of sign language. Many other teachers were not interested, and though Dr. Stokoe was 222 to think about studying sign language. Even deaf teachers were not very interested in the project. However, Dr. Stokoe did not give up. 223 , he started the Linguistics Research Program in 1957. Stokoe and his two deaf assistants, worked on this project during the summer and after school. The three researchers made films of deaf people signing. The deaf people in the film did not understand 224 the research about and were just trying to be nice to Dr. Stokoe. Many people thought the whole project was silly, but 225 agreed with Dr. Stokoe in order to please him. Stokoe and his team studied the films of signing. They 226 the films and try to see patterns in the signs. The results of the research were 227 : the signs used by all of the signers followed certain linguistic rules. Dr. Stokoe was the first linguist to test American Sign Language as a real language. He published the 228 in 1960, but not many people paid attention to the study. Dr. Stokoe was still 229 —he was the only linguist who 230 that sign language was more than gestures. He knew it was a language of its own and not just another form of English. 221. A. ashamed B. bored C. interested D. involved 222. A. idealistic B. crazy C. smart D. normal 223. A. Otherwise B. Instead C. Additionally D. Afterwards 224. A. what B. why C. that D. which 225. A. strongly B. hardly C. willingly D. merely 226. A. made B. advertised C. released D. analyzed 227. A. dissatisfying B. alarming C. surprising D. disappointing 228. A. results B. consequences C. endings D. resolutions 229. A. anxious B. afraid C. alert D. alone 230. A. wished B. reasoned C. believed D. decided
Passage Two Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Widespread 231 of written language would not have been 232 without some cheap and practical material to write 233 . The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and 234 . Together with the printing press, paper 235 an important way to spread knowledge. Paper was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very 236 used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a type of paper 237 from a glasslike water plant; Europeans used a writing material made from the skin of a sheep or goat 238 many hundreds of years. We have learnt some of the most important facts of European history from records or documents still 239 in good condition. The Chinese first made paper about 2,000 years ago. China still 240 pieces of paper which were made as long ago as that. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants. 231.A. use B. account C. access D. application 232.A. active B. positive C. possible D. possibility 233.A. by B. on C. in D. with 234.A. divided B. spread C. scattered D. distributed 235.A. offered B. granted C. supplied D. provided 236.A. always B. usually C. commonly D. generally 237.A. made B. making C. consisted D. consisting 238.A. at B. for C. in D. during 239.A. protected B. preserved C. cared for D. looked after 240.A. has B. holds C. prefers D. favors
Passage Three When I was a boy, children always objected 241 wearing school uniform but teachers were 242 on it because they said all of us looked 243 . Otherwise, they said children could compete with 244 and the poorer children would be unhappy because people would see how poor they were. In recent years, however, many schools have 245 the idea of making children wear uniform but funnily enough, now that children can wear 246 they like, they have adopted a uniform of their own. When some journalists visited a London school, they found that all the boys and girls were dressed in jeans. One girl said she would rather die than wear a coat instead of a jersey because 247 wants to look different 248 the other children in the class. Parents may not be as happy about this as children, but they 249 to be, because this new kind of uniform is one that the children like, not something they have forced to wear, and it is also 250 cheaper than school uniform used to be. 241.A. against B. to C. for D. on 242.A. warm B. eager C. keen D. interested 243.A. same B. like C. as D. alike 244.A. each other B. another C. themselves D. others 245.A. waited for B. taken off C. put out D. given up 246.A. that B. which C. what D. as 247.A. anyone B. no one C. none D. someone 248.A. than B. that C. from D. to 249.A. ought B. should C. would D. had 250.A. a lot B. very C. more D. a lot of
Passage Four When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them. Some Americans no longer do this, so the visitor must notice 251 do and do 252 . Until the meal is 253 , if the dinner is in a private home, a guest may avoid embarrassment by leaving the talking 254 someone else. Some families have a habit of offering a prayer of thanks before they eat. 255 . If a prayer is offered, everyone 256 quietly with bowed head until the prayer is over. If the family does not 257 the custom, there is no pause in the conversation. 258 dinner, guests usually stay for two or three hours, 259 the thoughtful person is careful not to overstay his or her welcome. The host and hostess may 260 a guest to stay longer in order to be polite, but most dinner parties break up at about 11 o’clock. 251.A. that others B. which others C. others D. what others 252.A. likely B. alike C. likewise D. unlikely 253.A. in the way B. on the way C. under way D. out of the way 254.A. for B. to C. with D. about 255.A. So do other families B. The same is true of other families C. Other families do not D. Nor do other families 256.A. does not sit B. sits C. is not seated D. sit 257.A. follow B. reserve C. adjust D. characterize 258.A. Being followed by B. Finished C. Following D. Having been finished 259.A. nevertheless B. but C. however D. despite 260.A. decline B. suggest C. emphasize D. urge
Passage Five There are times when you find yourself unable to work out a problem. It is at this 261 that the way in which you use your teacher is important. With a good teachers such times should be less frequent than with a bad one, so the 262 the teacher, the more responsibility you have for your success! Whatever your luck in this 263 , one thing is most significant and stays the same, whatever the quality of teaching you 264 : if there is something you don.t understand, you must ask, again and again if necessary, until you do understand it fully. 265 as this may seem, it is almost unbelievable how many people would rather sit in silent ignorance than admit not understanding. To behave in such a way is the only truly 266 thing a student can do: it.s a false form of pride, which is the most useless, damaging quality anyone can have, to say 267 of a student! Therefore, regard your teacher as a guide or even a friend and do not sit 268 wondering what he.s going on about. You may also ask a friend or classmate for help. Remember, there.s always someone who is better than you in your class. And many newspapers and magazines set the special 269 for students, you can write to them and get replied in time. Listen to the radio, watch good TV 270 more often, maybe at a certain moment you.ll find your question is being explained there and then. 261.A. course B. point C. thought D. chance 262.A. bad B. better C. worse D. good 263.A. field B. period C. respect D. direction 264.A. offer B. describe C. arrange D. receive 265.A. Negative B. Obvious C. Difficult D. Suitable 266.A. safe B. simple C. strange D. stupid 267.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. none 268.A. quietly B. honestly C. separately D. gently 269.A. books B. editors C. sections D. covers 270.A. sports B. news C. speeches D. programs
Passage Six The relations between men and wives are changing too. A majority of working women remain 271 their home; they come back at night to the cleaning, washing, and cooking that 272 their second career. But more and more husbands are sharing the burden and willingly 273 chores that their fathers would have rejected as unmanly, and as too much mysteriously difficult anyway. 274 such cases, man and wife become equal partners, both working outside, both pushing their vacuum cleaner. 275 , the number of husbands who do help in that way is much smaller than the number of those who accept the idea in theory, 276 the equal partnership is a fact, it does not always work well. The marriage can be destroyed when the wife is more successful in her profession 277 her husband in his, particularly when she earns more than he does. Sociologists see in this situation one of the main reasons for the increase in divorce rate, another reason 278 the husband’s refusal to help with the housework or the care of children. A third reason could be the growing awareness of the professional women 279 she does not have to remain married 280 she is too unhappy. 271. A. in full charge of B. in the full charge of C. the charge of D.taking charge 272. A. are accounted for B. consisting of C. are formed D. make up 273. A. taking in B. taking on C. taking up D. taking for 274. A. On B. Under C. In D. At 275. A. What’s more B. Most importantly C. Although D. Actually 276. A. and when B. when C. as if D. even if 277. A. than B. and C. comparing to D. contrary to 278. A. is B. is that C. being D. is why 279. A. when B. whom C. what D. that 280. A. despite B. until C. unless D. if
Woman: Bob, do you think you can lend me fifty dollars? Bob: Let me see. ________ A. You know I have no money at all. B. Sorry, I don’t think I have much about me. C. I don’t think you should do it. D. Oh, I have quite a lot.
Client: hello. May I speak to Mr. Turner? Secretary: ________ A. Speaking, please. B. Hello. Who’re you please. C. Sorry. He’s at a meeting right now. D. Hello. Thank you for calling.
Passage Seven I found my father a very hard man to understand when I was young. He was very short and thin and had large blue eyes. I could have loved him as I did my mother, but he seemed to hold us off so that we could not approach him or sit on his knee as love to do. I believe he had a hard life as a child, and I know that he left school at the age of ten and started to work. This made him an unsociable man, unfriendly even to the people closest to him. I never knew him to have a close friend as the other men did. Everything he did had to be precise. If he chopped the sticks for the fire, each stick would be the same length and thickness as all the others, and they would all be stacked without one out of place. His motto was "If a thing is worth doing, it is worth doing well". In our household his word was law and nobody dared dispute it. He worked hard when in a job and saw to it that we children learned the meaning of work. My mother did not have much pleasure but I do not remember her ever complaining ---except on Sunday afternoons when father would take off his clothes and get into bed, leaving her to mend his working clothes while he had his rest. This she disliked very much, for the clothes were dirty from the work he had been doing and she hated handling anything that was not clean. 191. The writer found it difficult to understand her father because he _____. A. looked distant B. rejected affection C. ill-treated the family D. hated keeping company with children 192. What did the writer think made her father unsociable? A. An unhappy childhood. B. A lack of friends. C. No interest in hobbies. D. Not smoking or drinking. 193. What was particular about the sticks for the fire? A. They were arranged in a pattern. B. They were chopped in only one place. C. They were similar in length. D. They all weighed the same. 194. The writer.s father believed that ______. A. you should only do things for which you have the ability B. only important jobs are worth doing well C. you should only attempt worthwhile jobs D. anything you do should be done to your best ability 195. What did the writer.s mother dislike about Sunday afternoons? A. Working while her husband rested. B. Repairing her husband.s clothes. C. Not being able to derive any pleasure from what she herself found delightful. D. Touching unclean clothes.
Passage Eight Have you ever wondered why different animals or pests have their particular colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves. Birds, especially seagulls, are very fond of locusts, but birds cannot easily catch locusts because locusts change their colors together with the change of the color of crops. When crops are green, locusts look green. But when crops are ripe, locusts take on exactly the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are usually easily found and eaten by their enemies. So they have to hide themselves in terror for lives and appear only at night. If you study the animal life in any part of the world, you will find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, wolves and other beasts move quietly through forests. They are usually invisible to the eyes of hunters, because they have the color much like the barks of trees. An even stranger act remains to be noticed. A kind of fish living in seas can send out a kind of very black liquid when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over, its enemies cannot find it, and it immediately swims away. Thus, it has existed up to now though it is not powerful at all. 196. This passage mainly talks about ______. A. the change of color in locusts B. the protective coloration of animals and pests C. how a certain sea fish protects itself D. animals or pests can dye themselves different colors 197. Locusts are not easily wiped out by their enemies because ______. A. they are powerful enough B. they are dangerous to their enemies C. they take on the same colors as crops D. they fly extraordinary fast 198. The pests that have different colors from plants usually appear at night because ______. A. birds take their rest when night comes B. their enemies can easily find them and eat them C. they have the habit of coming out in darkness D. it’s easy for them to destroy plants in darkness 199. Bears and wolves have the same colors as barks of trees because ______. A. they fear other beasts B. they prefer brown or grey colors C. they enjoy walking through forests quietly D. the colors help prevent themselves from being noticed 200. A certain fish living in seas has lived through millions of tears because ______. A. it is the most powerful in the sea B. it can swim much faster than any other fish C. it can send out a kind of liquid which makes its enemies unable to find it D. it can send out a kind of liquid which can kill its enemies
Passage Nine Advertising has become a very specialized activity in modern times. In the business world of today, supply is usually greater than demand. There is great competition between different manufacturers of the same kind of product to persuade customers to buy their own particular brand. They always have to remind the consumer of the name and the qualities of their product. They do this by advertising. The manufacturer advertises in the newspapers and on posters. He sometimes pays for songs about his product in commercial radio programs. He employs attractive salesgirls to distribute samples of it. He organizes competitions, with prizes for the winners. He often advertises on the screens of local cinemas. Most important of all, in countries that have television he has advertisements put into programs that will accept them. Manufacturers often spend large sums of money on advertisements. We buy a particular product because we think that it is the best. We usually think so because of the advertisements that say so. Some people never pause to ask themselves if the advertisements are telling the truth. 201. How many kinds of advertisements are mentioned in the passage? A. 7. B. 5. C. 4. D. 8. 202. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. Some people never have any doubts about what advertisements tell them. B. Great competition exists between different manufacturers of the same products. C. The customer usually demands more than the manufacturer can supply. D. The manufacturer wants to persuade customers to buy his own brand. 203. Which of the following advertisements is the most important one? A. Advertising in the newspapers. B. Putting advertisements into TV programs. C. Distributing samples by attractive salesgirls. D. Organizing competitions with prizes for the winners. 204. The passage tells us that the customer usually buys a particular brand because he thinks that ______. A. he can get a prize B. it is the cheapest C. there is great competition between customers for the same brand D. it is the best 205. Which of the following can best be used as the title of the passage? A. Different Approaches to Advertising B. Supply and Demand C. The Manufacturer and the Customer D. The Negative Sides of Advertising
Passage Ten It seems that beauty and women are twins. You are joking? No, I am not. Observe for yourself. Ads on fashion flood TV screens, radio programs, magazines, newspapers, and the streets. Whether they have realized or not, women are besieged （包围）by a sea of fashion. They are taught to think that without beautiful clothes they will grow old and lose their charm. So who dares to neglect dressing up at the cost of their appearance and youth? But I do not agree with the opinion that women have to show their beauty through their looks. The richness of their mind proves to be more beautiful and attractive than their looks. A woman who has experienced many troubles and may be called “aunt” or “granny” can still maintain her beauty if she has such excellent qualities as knowledge, ability, a kind heart, great courage and concern for others. In addition, old and young, beautiful and ugly are relative concepts（概念）. People who keep a young mind will never feel old. Curious about new things and eager to learn more, they keep up with the tide. Plainly dressed women may have a type of beauty, which is pure and real. Reading and learning is the best way to keep one youthful. Good books are fertile（肥沃的）soil which can feed the flower of one’s heart and looks. 206. Why does the author say that beauty and women are twins? A. Women are born to be beauties. B. Women like to show off their beauty. C. Women try to maintain their beauty by dressing up. D. Women are proud of their beauty. 207. According to the author, in order to stay young and attractive, women should ______. A. follow the fashion B. dress up in beautiful clothes C. do more exercises D. enrich their mind 208. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A. As a woman grows old, her beauty will gradually disappear. B. However old she is, a woman with some excellent qualities can still maintain her beauty. C. Even a plainly dressed woman may have pure and real beauty. D. A woman with a young mind never feels old. 209. The word “relative” (line 1, paragraph 3) most probably means _______. A. similar B. comparative C. related D. independent 210. The author believes that ________. A. women should lay more emphasis on their own qualities B. beautiful clothes can make women more attractive C. women have to show their beauty through their looks D. women are more curious about new things than men
Passage Eleven Some psychologists maintain that mental acts such as thinking are not performed in the brain alone, but that one.s muscles also participate. It may be said that we think with our muscles in somewhat the same way that we listen to music with our bodies. You surely are not surprised to be told that you usually listen to music not only with your ears but with your whole body. Few people can listen to music that is more or less familiar without moving their bodies or, more specifically, some parts of their bodies. Often when one listens to a concert on the radio, he is tempted to direct the band even though he knows there is a competent conductor on the job. Strange as this behavior may be, there is a very good reason for it. One cannot get all possible enjoyment from music unless he participates, so to speak, in its performance. The listener “feels” himself into the music with more or less pronounced motions of his body. The muscles of the body actually participate in the mental process of thinking in the same way, but this participation is less obvious because it is less pronounced. 211. Some psychologists maintain that thinking is______. A. not a mental process B. more of a physical process than a mental action C. a process that involves the muscles as well as the whole body D. a process that involves the muscles as well as the brain 212. The process of thinking and that of listening are similar in that ______. A. both are mental acts B. muscles participate in both processes C. both processes are performed by the entire body D. we obtain equal enjoyment from them 213. The pronounced body motions are a listener’s way of ______. A. “feeling” the music B. participating in the performance C. deriving enjoyment from the music D. all of the above 214. Body movements are necessary in order for the listener to ______. A. hear the music B. appreciate the music C. train the muscle D. figure out the real meaning of a piece of music 215. The best title for this selection is _______. A. An Ear for Music B. Music Appreciation C. How Muscles Participates in Mental Acts D. A Psychological Definition of the Thinking Process
Passage Twelve The Red Cross is an international organization which cares for people who are in need of help. A man in a Paris hospital who needs blood, a woman in Mexico who was injured in an earthquake, and a family in India that lost their home in a storm may all be aided by the Red Cross. The Red Cross exists in almost every country around the globe. The world Red Cross organizations are sometimes called the Red Crescent, the Red Mogen David, the Sun, and the Red Lion. All of these agencies share a common goal of trying to help people in need. The idea of forming an organization to help the sick and wounded during a war started with Jean Henri Dunant. In 1859, he observed how people were suffering on a battlefield in Italy. He wanted to help all the wounded people regardless of which side they were fighting for. The most important result of his work was an international treaty called the Geneva Convention. It protects prisoners of war, the sick and wounded, and other citizens during a war. The American Red Cross was set up by Clara Barton in 1881. Today the Red Cross in the United States provides a number of services for the public, such as helping people in need, teaching first aid, demonstrating water safety and artificial respiration, and providing blood. 216. A good title for this selection is ____. A. The International Red Cross B. Safety at Home and School C. Clara Barton and the Sun D. The American Red Cross 217. The word “aided” in paragraph 1 means ______. A. reported B. understood C. caught D. helped 218. The author really tries to make the reader see that this organization ______. A. costs very little money B. helps any people in need C. teaches first aid if necessary D. gets into trouble 219. The person who started the idea of this organization was ______. A. Cross B. Barton C. Dunant D. a prisoner of war 220. The American Red Cross aimed at ______. A. helping people in need B. teaching first aid, demonstrating water safety and artificial respiration C. providing blood for the sick and wounded D. all of the above
Passage One Dr. William C Stokoe, Jr., was the chairman of the English Department at Gallaudet University. He saw the way deaf people communicated and was extremely 221 . He was a hearing person, and signs of the deaf were totally new to him. Dr. Stokoe decided to propose a study of sign language. Many other teachers were not interested, and though Dr. Stokoe was 222 to think about studying sign language. Even deaf teachers were not very interested in the project. However, Dr. Stokoe did not give up. 223 , he started the Linguistics Research Program in 1957. Stokoe and his two deaf assistants, worked on this project during the summer and after school. The three researchers made films of deaf people signing. The deaf people in the film did not understand 224 the research about and were just trying to be nice to Dr. Stokoe. Many people thought the whole project was silly, but 225 agreed with Dr. Stokoe in order to please him. Stokoe and his team studied the films of signing. They 226 the films and try to see patterns in the signs. The results of the research were 227 : the signs used by all of the signers followed certain linguistic rules. Dr. Stokoe was the first linguist to test American Sign Language as a real language. He published the 228 in 1960, but not many people paid attention to the study. Dr. Stokoe was still 229 —he was the only linguist who 230 that sign language was more than gestures. He knew it was a language of its own and not just another form of English. 221. A. ashamed B. bored C. interested D. involved 222. A. idealistic B. crazy C. smart D. normal 223. A. Otherwise B. Instead C. Additionally D. Afterwards 224. A. what B. why C. that D. which 225. A. strongly B. hardly C. willingly D. merely 226. A. made B. advertised C. released D. analyzed 227. A. dissatisfying B. alarming C. surprising D. disappointing 228. A. results B. consequences C. endings D. resolutions 229. A. anxious B. afraid C. alert D. alone 230. A. wished B. reasoned C. believed D. decided
Passage Two Paper is one of the most important products ever invented by man. Widespread 231 of written language would not have been 232 without some cheap and practical material to write 233 . The invention of paper meant that more people could be educated because more books could be printed and 234 . Together with the printing press, paper 235 an important way to spread knowledge. Paper was first made in China. In Egypt and the West, paper was not very 236 used before the year 1400. The Egyptians wrote on a type of paper 237 from a glasslike water plant; Europeans used a writing material made from the skin of a sheep or goat 238 many hundreds of years. We have learnt some of the most important facts of European history from records or documents still 239 in good condition. The Chinese first made paper about 2,000 years ago. China still 240 pieces of paper which were made as long ago as that. It was made from the hair-like parts of certain plants. 231.A. use B. account C. access D. application 232.A. active B. positive C. possible D. possibility 233.A. by B. on C. in D. with 234.A. divided B. spread C. scattered D. distributed 235.A. offered B. granted C. supplied D. provided 236.A. always B. usually C. commonly D. generally 237.A. made B. making C. consisted D. consisting 238.A. at B. for C. in D. during 239.A. protected B. preserved C. cared for D. looked after 240.A. has B. holds C. prefers D. favors
Passage Three When I was a boy, children always objected 241 wearing school uniform but teachers were 242 on it because they said all of us looked 243 . Otherwise, they said children could compete with 244 and the poorer children would be unhappy because people would see how poor they were. In recent years, however, many schools have 245 the idea of making children wear uniform but funnily enough, now that children can wear 246 they like, they have adopted a uniform of their own. When some journalists visited a London school, they found that all the boys and girls were dressed in jeans. One girl said she would rather die than wear a coat instead of a jersey because 247 wants to look different 248 the other children in the class. Parents may not be as happy about this as children, but they 249 to be, because this new kind of uniform is one that the children like, not something they have forced to wear, and it is also 250 cheaper than school uniform used to be. 241.A. against B. to C. for D. on 242.A. warm B. eager C. keen D. interested 243.A. same B. like C. as D. alike 244.A. each other B. another C. themselves D. others 245.A. waited for B. taken off C. put out D. given up 246.A. that B. which C. what D. as 247.A. anyone B. no one C. none D. someone 248.A. than B. that C. from D. to 249.A. ought B. should C. would D. had 250.A. a lot B. very C. more D. a lot of
Passage Four When the guests sit down at a dinner table, it is customary for the men to help the ladies by pushing their chairs under them. Some Americans no longer do this, so the visitor must notice 251 do and do 252 . Until the meal is 253 , if the dinner is in a private home, a guest may avoid embarrassment by leaving the talking 254 someone else. Some families have a habit of offering a prayer of thanks before they eat. 255 . If a prayer is offered, everyone 256 quietly with bowed head until the prayer is over. If the family does not 257 the custom, there is no pause in the conversation. 258 dinner, guests usually stay for two or three hours, 259 the thoughtful person is careful not to overstay his or her welcome. The host and hostess may 260 a guest to stay longer in order to be polite, but most dinner parties break up at about 11 o’clock. 251.A. that others B. which others C. others D. what others 252.A. likely B. alike C. likewise D. unlikely 253.A. in the way B. on the way C. under way D. out of the way 254.A. for B. to C. with D. about 255.A. So do other families B. The same is true of other families C. Other families do not D. Nor do other families 256.A. does not sit B. sits C. is not seated D. sit 257.A. follow B. reserve C. adjust D. characterize 258.A. Being followed by B. Finished C. Following D. Having been finished 259.A. nevertheless B. but C. however D. despite 260.A. decline B. suggest C. emphasize D. urge
Passage Five There are times when you find yourself unable to work out a problem. It is at this 261 that the way in which you use your teacher is important. With a good teachers such times should be less frequent than with a bad one, so the 262 the teacher, the more responsibility you have for your success! Whatever your luck in this 263 , one thing is most significant and stays the same, whatever the quality of teaching you 264 : if there is something you don.t understand, you must ask, again and again if necessary, until you do understand it fully. 265 as this may seem, it is almost unbelievable how many people would rather sit in silent ignorance than admit not understanding. To behave in such a way is the only truly 266 thing a student can do: it.s a false form of pride, which is the most useless, damaging quality anyone can have, to say 267 of a student! Therefore, regard your teacher as a guide or even a friend and do not sit 268 wondering what he.s going on about. You may also ask a friend or classmate for help. Remember, there.s always someone who is better than you in your class. And many newspapers and magazines set the special 269 for students, you can write to them and get replied in time. Listen to the radio, watch good TV 270 more often, maybe at a certain moment you.ll find your question is being explained there and then. 261.A. course B. point C. thought D. chance 262.A. bad B. better C. worse D. good 263.A. field B. period C. respect D. direction 264.A. offer B. describe C. arrange D. receive 265.A. Negative B. Obvious C. Difficult D. Suitable 266.A. safe B. simple C. strange D. stupid 267.A. something B. anything C. nothing D. none 268.A. quietly B. honestly C. separately D. gently 269.A. books B. editors C. sections D. covers 270.A. sports B. news C. speeches D. programs
Passage Six The relations between men and wives are changing too. A majority of working women remain 271 their home; they come back at night to the cleaning, washing, and cooking that 272 their second career. But more and more husbands are sharing the burden and willingly 273 chores that their fathers would have rejected as unmanly, and as too much mysteriously difficult anyway. 274 such cases, man and wife become equal partners, both working outside, both pushing their vacuum cleaner. 275 , the number of husbands who do help in that way is much smaller than the number of those who accept the idea in theory, 276 the equal partnership is a fact, it does not always work well. The marriage can be destroyed when the wife is more successful in her profession 277 her husband in his, particularly when she earns more than he does. Sociologists see in this situation one of the main reasons for the increase in divorce rate, another reason 278 the husband’s refusal to help with the housework or the care of children. A third reason could be the growing awareness of the professional women 279 she does not have to remain married 280 she is too unhappy. 271. A. in full charge of B. in the full charge of C. the charge of D.taking charge 272. A. are accounted for B. consisting of C. are formed D. make up 273. A. taking in B. taking on C. taking up D. taking for 274. A. On B. Under C. In D. At 275. A. What’s more B. Most importantly C. Although D. Actually 276. A. and when B. when C. as if D. even if 277. A. than B. and C. comparing to D. contrary to 278. A. is B. is that C. being D. is why 279. A. when B. whom C. what D. that 280. A. despite B. until C. unless D. if
Woman: Bob, do you think you can lend me fifty dollars? Bob: Let me see. ________ A. You know I have no money at all. B. Sorry, I don’t think I have much about me. C. I don’t think you should do it. D. Oh, I have quite a lot.
Client: hello. May I speak to Mr. Turner? Secretary: ________ A. Speaking, please. B. Hello. Who’re you please. C. Sorry. He’s at a meeting right now. D. Hello. Thank you for calling.