You may know the feeling. It.s the late afternoon, and you still haven.t left the house. You.ve spent the last several hours on your phone, scrolling through your Facebook news feed, refreshing Twitter and watching YouTube videos. A smartphone might feel like it.s keeping you connected, but it can also be a way of secluding yourself.

Data from a recent study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University.s Feinberg School of Medicine found that the scenario described above---high volume of phone use and a static（静止的）geographic location---could be linked to depression. The study, published in The Journal of Medical Internet Research, also found that depressed people, on average, spend more time on the phone than non-depressed people.

People are likely, when on their phones, to avoid thinking about things that are troubling, painful feelings or difficult relationships," said David Mohr, one of the study.s senior authors and a professor of behavioral psychology at Northwestern, in a statement. "It.s an avoidance behavior we see in depression." Mohr also pointed out that depressed people tend to withdraw emotionally and avoid going out---behaviors that are arguably facilitated by the constant entertainment stream available on smartphones.

The study.s participants consisted of a mix of people with and without prior depression. They completed a questionnaire describing their symptoms before agreeing to have their phone use monitored for two weeks. Using GPS, the researchers tracked their location and the amount of time they spent on the phone. They were then able to identify which participants were depressed using the aggregated phone data, with 87 percent accuracy.

Sohrob Saeb, a research fellow at Northwestern, said in the release that phones could be more reliable for diagnosing depression than traditional methods. In standard industry practice, patients are often asked to describe their symptoms by indicating how sad they are on a scale of 1 to 10. According to Saeb, the release reported, these responses can be rote and unreliable. In contrast, the study found, a smartphone can unobtrusively（不引人注目地）and accurately measure a patient.s daily activity, providing data that could trigger a health care provider to recognize the need for an intervention.


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1

What is the author.s opinion about using a smartphone?

A

It is only a tool to contact people.
B

It makes people feel lonely.
C

It does great harm to health.
D

It keeps people apart from others.

学生答案：
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2

What can be learned from the study conducted by researchers at Northwestern University?

A

Too much time spent on phones leads to depression.
B

Depressed people tend to spend more time on phones than others.
C

Spending more time on phones can help cure depression.
D

Non-depressed people spend little time on their phones.

学生答案：
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3

According to Mohr, why do depressed people focus on phones?

A

They tend to temporarily forget about unhappiness.
B

They feel entertained and amused by phones.
C

They do not have many friends to hang out with.
D

They find confidence and happiness from the phones.

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4

What do we know about traditional methods for diagnosing depression?

A

Patients. location is monitored by GPS.
B

Patients describe their symptoms in words.
C

Patients complete a questionnaire to describe symptoms.
D

Patients indicate their sadness on a scale of 1 to 10.

学生答案：
老师点评：
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5

Patients. daily activities can be measured by smartphones so that ________.

A

they can adjust their living habits if necessary
B

their family and friends can know them better
C

they can get timely health care if needed
D

they will do their best under the monitoring

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