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2024年国家开放大学答案
一个奶牛能量单位，即一个NND，是指一千克乳脂率为4%的标准乳的能量，即（ ）。(单选题)
.0.75
.3.318
.8.08
.20.585
Communication and Gender in Business
1 According to popular American linguist , Deborah Tannen , communication habits
vary depending on individual personality , culture , and among other factors , gender. Sincemale ways of communicating are standard in business , women. s ways oftalking are oftenignored or misunderstood in the workplace. Tannen emphasizes that female and male stylesare both valid. Here are some of Tannen. s main points.
2 Conversational styles in boys and girls show up early. Even 5-year-old boys care abouttheir rank in the group , while 5-year-old girls care more about being in or out of thegroup. Therefore , men. s conversational styles often use competition , while women try tokeep the appearance of equality.
3 Women tend to apologize more than men , as an attempt to restore the powerbalancein conversation. When men simply accept the apology rather than part of the responsibility ,women feel unjustly blamed.
4 Western women favor indirect ways of speaking , which s interpreted by Western
men as showing insecurity and lack of confidence. However, this gender difference is also acultural difference: Japanese business culture demands indirectness , and the direct approachused by Western businessmen is often seen as rude by the Japanese.
5 In business , women are often blamed if they "talking like a woman" (soft , indirect ,
cautious) , but are also blamed if they "talk like a man" (bossy, aggressive).
6 We have strong negative images of women in authority: Wicked Witch and Mother ,80 women bossyare judged not as bosses but as women.
7 Gender differences show most strongly not in individuals but in group settings. In a
group of men and women, women tend to become silent bystanders, while men are activeparticipants.
8 Males and females in Western culture speak different body languages. Men often
spread out their limbs, taking up a lot of space, gesture widely , speak in loud tones , andengage in direct eye contact. These behaviors communicate power and high status. Womenhold in their limbs, take up little space, make small gestures , speak in soft voices , andlower their eyes frequently. These behaviors give away power and announce low status.
9 Males interrupt females much more than they interrupt other males , and more often
than females interrupt either mates or females.10 Research has shown that there is nothing "natural" about male or female language ,but that these gender habits simply show the stereotyped role in which society puts men andwomen.
unjustly (paragraph 3)(单选题)
.unfairly
.uniquely
展览营销调查的方法中，（ ）优点是不需要调查员亲自到场，节省了调查的人力、物力和财力，调查成本低。(单选题)
.观察法.,.
函件通信调查.,.
开座谈会.,.
个人访问
更年期综合征最具特征性的症状（ ）(单选题)
.月经周期延长，经量减少，最后绝经
.潮热、出汗
.阴道萎缩
.骨质疏松症
<strong>Tick the right headlines forto articles A–D.</strong>
<strong>1 </strong>A judge in Argentina ordered a parrot to be held in custody until he said the name of his owner. Two neighbours, Jorge Machado and R Vega, had both claimed Pepo was theirs. After five days, Pepo said Jorge’s name and sang the anthem of his favourite football team. Mr. Machado said: ‘I knew he wouldn’t let me down. He’s a real friend and we _________ support San Lorenzo.’
<strong><strong>2 </strong></strong>A burglar who stole from a cartoonist in Australia was arrested after his victim drew his picture. Bill Green, 82, saw the man take a bicycle_________ his shed. He gave his sketch to police, who matched it to a man arrested after a different theft. Policeman Michael Henry said: ‘We were amazed. The cartoon was the spitting image of the man we’d just caught.’
<strong>3 </strong>A woman from Iowa is alleged to have faked her own death to avoid paying $500 in parking tickets. Police say Kimberly Du, 36, was caught after she got a ticket a month after her ‘death’. She had faked her own obituary and forged a letter saying she had died in a car crash. She now faces up to five years in prison_________fraud.
<strong><strong>4 </strong></strong>A goldfish carried from its garden pond by floods has_________found alive in a water-filled hole by the roadside more 5-- a mile away. Farmer Ab Oskam, 66, was walking his dog when he recognised the fish as one of three belonging to his neighbours. ‘It was a miracle such a delicate little thing survived,’ he said. The fish has now been named Nemo.
__1__(cloze)
.Fish found in miracle escape
.Thief caught by cartoon
.Parrot held in jail
.Woman fakes death over fines
2．有如下程序：
#include<iostream>
__using namespace std;
__int main(){
__ __int x={2,4,6,8,10,12}, s=0;
__ __for(int i=1; i<6; i+=2) s+=x[i];
__ __cout<<s;
__ __return 0;
__}
运行此程序的输出是1 。(填空题)
能直接体现物业管理企业财务风险和债权利益保障程度的是（ ）。(单选题)
.资产负债率
.总资产
.利息保障倍数
.速动比率
超声波在固体中可穿透几十米的长度，在液体、固体中衰减（），碰到杂质或分界面就会显著（）。(多选题)
.小
.大
.投射
.折射
以下属于现代康复疗法的是（ ）。(多选题)
.作业疗法
.康复工程技术
.系统脱敏疗法
.言语疗法
公司虚构收入用于骗取上市资格，这种行为属于（ ）(单选题)
. 会计差错
. 会计错误
. 会计舞弊
. 会计信息失真
对于攻击性行为比较严重的幼儿，只要家园携手，科学改造幼儿，幼儿的攻击性行为会慢慢消失的，常用的方法有哪些。（ ）(多选题)
.情感换位法
.交往技能训练
.自然消退法
.延迟满足法
生涯对于个人而言是独特的,没有两个人有完全相同的生涯。(判断题)(判断题)
.对
.错
<strong>根据教材第四章所给的商品库和教学库，为下列所给的每种功能匹配相应的查询语句（每小题4分，共20分）。</strong>
<strong>选项：</strong>
Aselect 商品代号,分类名,单价,数量,单价*数量 as 总价值
from 商品表1
order by 5 desc
Bselect *
from 商品表1
where 数量 between 10 and 20 （或where 数量>=10 and 数量<=20）
Cselect *
from 商品表1
where单价>all(select 单价
from 商品表1
where 分类名=.空调器.
)
Dselect distinct 学生.*
from 学生,选课
where 学生.学生号=选课.学生号 and 学生.姓名<>.刘芹.
and 课程号=any(select 课程号
from 学生,选课
where 学生.学生号=选课.学生号 and 姓名=.刘芹.
)
Eselect 分类名
from 商品表1
group by 分类名 having count(*)>1
（1）从商品库中查询出数量在10和20之间的所有商品。
对应的查询语句为：(1)
（2）从商品库中查询出比所有空调器的单价都高的每种商品。
对应的查询语句为：(2)
（3）从商品库中查询出同一类商品多于一种的所有分类名。
对应的查询语句为：(3)
（4）从商品库中查询出每种商品的总价值，并按降序排列出来。
对应的查询语句为： (4)
（5）从教学库中查询出至少选修了姓名为刘芹的学生所选课程中任一门课的所有学生。
对应的查询语句为： (5) __2__(cloze)
.A
.B
.C
.D
.E
在先天麻痹性斜视中，最常见的麻痹肌是（ ）(单选题)
.下斜肌
.上斜肌
.外直肌
.上直肌
5．双重效应(简答题)
.0.75
.3.318
.8.08
.20.585
Communication and Gender in Business
1 According to popular American linguist , Deborah Tannen , communication habits
vary depending on individual personality , culture , and among other factors , gender. Sincemale ways of communicating are standard in business , women. s ways oftalking are oftenignored or misunderstood in the workplace. Tannen emphasizes that female and male stylesare both valid. Here are some of Tannen. s main points.
2 Conversational styles in boys and girls show up early. Even 5-year-old boys care abouttheir rank in the group , while 5-year-old girls care more about being in or out of thegroup. Therefore , men. s conversational styles often use competition , while women try tokeep the appearance of equality.
3 Women tend to apologize more than men , as an attempt to restore the powerbalancein conversation. When men simply accept the apology rather than part of the responsibility ,women feel unjustly blamed.
4 Western women favor indirect ways of speaking , which s interpreted by Western
men as showing insecurity and lack of confidence. However, this gender difference is also acultural difference: Japanese business culture demands indirectness , and the direct approachused by Western businessmen is often seen as rude by the Japanese.
5 In business , women are often blamed if they "talking like a woman" (soft , indirect ,
cautious) , but are also blamed if they "talk like a man" (bossy, aggressive).
6 We have strong negative images of women in authority: Wicked Witch and Mother ,80 women bossyare judged not as bosses but as women.
7 Gender differences show most strongly not in individuals but in group settings. In a
group of men and women, women tend to become silent bystanders, while men are activeparticipants.
8 Males and females in Western culture speak different body languages. Men often
spread out their limbs, taking up a lot of space, gesture widely , speak in loud tones , andengage in direct eye contact. These behaviors communicate power and high status. Womenhold in their limbs, take up little space, make small gestures , speak in soft voices , andlower their eyes frequently. These behaviors give away power and announce low status.
9 Males interrupt females much more than they interrupt other males , and more often
than females interrupt either mates or females.10 Research has shown that there is nothing "natural" about male or female language ,but that these gender habits simply show the stereotyped role in which society puts men andwomen.
unjustly (paragraph 3)(单选题)
.unfairly
.uniquely
展览营销调查的方法中，（ ）优点是不需要调查员亲自到场，节省了调查的人力、物力和财力，调查成本低。(单选题)
.观察法.,.
函件通信调查.,.
开座谈会.,.
个人访问
更年期综合征最具特征性的症状（ ）(单选题)
.月经周期延长，经量减少，最后绝经
.潮热、出汗
.阴道萎缩
.骨质疏松症
<strong>Tick the right headlines forto articles A–D.</strong>
<strong>1 </strong>A judge in Argentina ordered a parrot to be held in custody until he said the name of his owner. Two neighbours, Jorge Machado and R Vega, had both claimed Pepo was theirs. After five days, Pepo said Jorge’s name and sang the anthem of his favourite football team. Mr. Machado said: ‘I knew he wouldn’t let me down. He’s a real friend and we _________ support San Lorenzo.’
<strong><strong>2 </strong></strong>A burglar who stole from a cartoonist in Australia was arrested after his victim drew his picture. Bill Green, 82, saw the man take a bicycle_________ his shed. He gave his sketch to police, who matched it to a man arrested after a different theft. Policeman Michael Henry said: ‘We were amazed. The cartoon was the spitting image of the man we’d just caught.’
<strong>3 </strong>A woman from Iowa is alleged to have faked her own death to avoid paying $500 in parking tickets. Police say Kimberly Du, 36, was caught after she got a ticket a month after her ‘death’. She had faked her own obituary and forged a letter saying she had died in a car crash. She now faces up to five years in prison_________fraud.
<strong><strong>4 </strong></strong>A goldfish carried from its garden pond by floods has_________found alive in a water-filled hole by the roadside more 5-- a mile away. Farmer Ab Oskam, 66, was walking his dog when he recognised the fish as one of three belonging to his neighbours. ‘It was a miracle such a delicate little thing survived,’ he said. The fish has now been named Nemo.
__1__(cloze)
.Fish found in miracle escape
.Thief caught by cartoon
.Parrot held in jail
.Woman fakes death over fines
2．有如下程序：
#include<iostream>
__using namespace std;
__int main(){
__ __int x={2,4,6,8,10,12}, s=0;
__ __for(int i=1; i<6; i+=2) s+=x[i];
__ __cout<<s;
__ __return 0;
__}
运行此程序的输出是1 。(填空题)
能直接体现物业管理企业财务风险和债权利益保障程度的是（ ）。(单选题)
.资产负债率
.总资产
.利息保障倍数
.速动比率
超声波在固体中可穿透几十米的长度，在液体、固体中衰减（），碰到杂质或分界面就会显著（）。(多选题)
.小
.大
.投射
.折射
以下属于现代康复疗法的是（ ）。(多选题)
.作业疗法
.康复工程技术
.系统脱敏疗法
.言语疗法
公司虚构收入用于骗取上市资格，这种行为属于（ ）(单选题)
. 会计差错
. 会计错误
. 会计舞弊
. 会计信息失真
对于攻击性行为比较严重的幼儿，只要家园携手，科学改造幼儿，幼儿的攻击性行为会慢慢消失的，常用的方法有哪些。（ ）(多选题)
.情感换位法
.交往技能训练
.自然消退法
.延迟满足法
生涯对于个人而言是独特的,没有两个人有完全相同的生涯。(判断题)(判断题)
.对
.错
<strong>根据教材第四章所给的商品库和教学库，为下列所给的每种功能匹配相应的查询语句（每小题4分，共20分）。</strong>
<strong>选项：</strong>
Aselect 商品代号,分类名,单价,数量,单价*数量 as 总价值
from 商品表1
order by 5 desc
Bselect *
from 商品表1
where 数量 between 10 and 20 （或where 数量>=10 and 数量<=20）
Cselect *
from 商品表1
where单价>all(select 单价
from 商品表1
where 分类名=.空调器.
)
Dselect distinct 学生.*
from 学生,选课
where 学生.学生号=选课.学生号 and 学生.姓名<>.刘芹.
and 课程号=any(select 课程号
from 学生,选课
where 学生.学生号=选课.学生号 and 姓名=.刘芹.
)
Eselect 分类名
from 商品表1
group by 分类名 having count(*)>1
（1）从商品库中查询出数量在10和20之间的所有商品。
对应的查询语句为：(1)
（2）从商品库中查询出比所有空调器的单价都高的每种商品。
对应的查询语句为：(2)
（3）从商品库中查询出同一类商品多于一种的所有分类名。
对应的查询语句为：(3)
（4）从商品库中查询出每种商品的总价值，并按降序排列出来。
对应的查询语句为： (4)
（5）从教学库中查询出至少选修了姓名为刘芹的学生所选课程中任一门课的所有学生。
对应的查询语句为： (5) __2__(cloze)
.A
.B
.C
.D
.E
在先天麻痹性斜视中，最常见的麻痹肌是（ ）(单选题)
.下斜肌
.上斜肌
.外直肌
.上直肌
5．双重效应(简答题)