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国家开放大学管理英语3
Our new school building is construction.
A. under B. in
C. for
Proper controls that should developed as part of routine safety procedures
were not in place.
A. has been B. have been
C. be
Without good budget management, you are likely to overspend on marketing
accidentally. Here are three steps that help to make a good marketing budget.
Step 1:Organize financial information
The first step is to be clear of your current financial situation. You need to know how much money your company makes monthly and the changes that might arise in the future. Although income flows change throughout the year,you must organize the information based on reliable revenue—the minimum amount of money your company makes each
month.
A realistic budget plan will always focus on the income that exceeds the expenses,not the total revenue that comes in. When you have determined the amount of disposable income
available for the company,you should determine where the money will go.
Step 2:Determine where you want to spend marketing funds
After you know the total amount available to spend on marketing, the next step is how you plan to spend that money. Three main factors decide how you spend marketing funds:
the budget amount,your past experiences,and where you can reach the right audience.
You will start organizing how to spend the funds based on the amount. Besides,you need to consider the strategies that have worked in the past. Also,you need consider which
marketing channels will allow you to reach the right audience.
Step 3:Assess data and make appropriate changes
The final step in building a good marketing budget is the analysis of the plan and any changes that may improve revenue. Ultimately,marketing is designed to bring in extra revenue. If the activity does not bring in any additional revenue over its cost, then it is better
to change strategy and try something else.
Assessing the data is a vital part of creating an effective marketing strategy. Evaluation begins with comparing past performance to the performance after marketing the product or
services.
However,a good budget alone is not enough. You have to take action and remain committed to following through your plan. By keeping the budget in mind when you make decisions,you will have the opportunity to work out different strategies to find the best
solutions for your business goals and prevent overspending on marketing.
21. The budget plan should be based on the company.s reliable
A. expense
B. income
C. cost
22. The underlined“disposable income”in Paragraph 3 means
A. total income B. previous income
C. net income
23. You have to be clear of when organizing financial information.
A. the income and expenses B. the marketing fund
C. the budget management
24. The three main factors that decide how you spend marketing funds are
A. the money you have earned,the actual expenses and the money you will expend
B. the budget amount, your past experiences and where you can reach the
right audience
C. the assets you have, the product and the income
25. Keeping the budget in mind when making marketing decisions will avoid A. using less than you earn B. using money unnecessarily
C. using more than you earn
A question that often troubles food companies is how to control problems like rats and insects without harming the food. Pest control experts say poisons should never be used where they may enter food. They say the first line of defense against pests is to clean the
places where the food is handled or stored.
Floors,food preparation surfaces and tools can be disinfected with chemicals like chlorine,iodine or bromine. Food containers should be stored about half a meter off the ground and about half a meter away from any walls. Storage areas should be kept dry and
clean.
Containers for raw materials such as rice,wheat,etc. should be kept closed and clean. Any foodstuff split during delivery or handling should be cleared up both inside and outside the building. Pests enter a building from the outside, so pay attention to outer walls. Small stones can be used to cover the ground and block the growth of plants and the grass should
be kept short to deny pests a place to live.
Check that doors and windows are completely closed. Also any hole that might allow pests to enter a building should be filled. Rats can enter through a hole the size of a coin. A
mouse can pass through a hole half that size.
Supervisors should make a list of pest control measures to be taken by employees. This will aid the efforts and also help prepare for any inspections. In most countries,there is a food and drug administration bureau,or some agency with a similar name,which enforces rules nationwide,responsible for rules about the use of pesticides,etc. However,businesses where food is stored,prepared or sold must also follow state and local health laws. Most of these governmental departments or bureaus have their websites with information about food
safety policies and other issues. People can easily access the information.
26. According to pest control experts,poisons should never be used as they may enter
food.
27. Food preparation surfaces and tools should be kept clean.
28. Outer walls are used to stop pests from entering a building from the outside.
29. People can easily access the information about food safety policies from the
government departments and bureaus.
30. The main idea of the passage is how to prevent plants and grass from growing.
I.m more than happy to go out this weekend.
— We.ve got so much work to do at that time.
A. Don.t worry. B. Forget it.
C. Don.t say so,
I.m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
—
A. See you later. B. Have a pleasant trip!
C. Let.s go out for a drin
Could Ihelp you with your heavy box? You are so tired.
— I can manage it.
A.No. Thanks. B. Yes,please.
C. All right.
I wonder if I could use your computer tonight?
——
A. Sure,go ahead. B. It doesn.t matter.
C. Who cares?
—
— Fire,fire service please! There.s a huge fire here.
A. 911,how may I direct your call? B. How may I help you?
C. What can I do for you?
A bus driver the safety of his passengers.
A. is responsible in B. is responsible for
C. is responsible to
He gave up his study in college in
A. bundle B. despair
C. ash
The manager urged his staff not to the splendid opportunity.
A. slide B. miss
C. escape
A number of boys absent some time during the term.
A. have been B. has been
C. will
This is the book I have learned a lot.
A. to which B. by whom
C. from which
Let.s go the reports on the latest work.
A. over B. with
C. to
A. under B. in
C. for
Proper controls that should developed as part of routine safety procedures
were not in place.
A. has been B. have been
C. be
Without good budget management, you are likely to overspend on marketing
accidentally. Here are three steps that help to make a good marketing budget.
Step 1:Organize financial information
The first step is to be clear of your current financial situation. You need to know how much money your company makes monthly and the changes that might arise in the future. Although income flows change throughout the year,you must organize the information based on reliable revenue—the minimum amount of money your company makes each
month.
A realistic budget plan will always focus on the income that exceeds the expenses,not the total revenue that comes in. When you have determined the amount of disposable income
available for the company,you should determine where the money will go.
Step 2:Determine where you want to spend marketing funds
After you know the total amount available to spend on marketing, the next step is how you plan to spend that money. Three main factors decide how you spend marketing funds:
the budget amount,your past experiences,and where you can reach the right audience.
You will start organizing how to spend the funds based on the amount. Besides,you need to consider the strategies that have worked in the past. Also,you need consider which
marketing channels will allow you to reach the right audience.
Step 3:Assess data and make appropriate changes
The final step in building a good marketing budget is the analysis of the plan and any changes that may improve revenue. Ultimately,marketing is designed to bring in extra revenue. If the activity does not bring in any additional revenue over its cost, then it is better
to change strategy and try something else.
Assessing the data is a vital part of creating an effective marketing strategy. Evaluation begins with comparing past performance to the performance after marketing the product or
services.
However,a good budget alone is not enough. You have to take action and remain committed to following through your plan. By keeping the budget in mind when you make decisions,you will have the opportunity to work out different strategies to find the best
solutions for your business goals and prevent overspending on marketing.
21. The budget plan should be based on the company.s reliable
A. expense
B. income
C. cost
22. The underlined“disposable income”in Paragraph 3 means
A. total income B. previous income
C. net income
23. You have to be clear of when organizing financial information.
A. the income and expenses B. the marketing fund
C. the budget management
24. The three main factors that decide how you spend marketing funds are
A. the money you have earned,the actual expenses and the money you will expend
B. the budget amount, your past experiences and where you can reach the
right audience
C. the assets you have, the product and the income
25. Keeping the budget in mind when making marketing decisions will avoid A. using less than you earn B. using money unnecessarily
C. using more than you earn
A question that often troubles food companies is how to control problems like rats and insects without harming the food. Pest control experts say poisons should never be used where they may enter food. They say the first line of defense against pests is to clean the
places where the food is handled or stored.
Floors,food preparation surfaces and tools can be disinfected with chemicals like chlorine,iodine or bromine. Food containers should be stored about half a meter off the ground and about half a meter away from any walls. Storage areas should be kept dry and
clean.
Containers for raw materials such as rice,wheat,etc. should be kept closed and clean. Any foodstuff split during delivery or handling should be cleared up both inside and outside the building. Pests enter a building from the outside, so pay attention to outer walls. Small stones can be used to cover the ground and block the growth of plants and the grass should
be kept short to deny pests a place to live.
Check that doors and windows are completely closed. Also any hole that might allow pests to enter a building should be filled. Rats can enter through a hole the size of a coin. A
mouse can pass through a hole half that size.
Supervisors should make a list of pest control measures to be taken by employees. This will aid the efforts and also help prepare for any inspections. In most countries,there is a food and drug administration bureau,or some agency with a similar name,which enforces rules nationwide,responsible for rules about the use of pesticides,etc. However,businesses where food is stored,prepared or sold must also follow state and local health laws. Most of these governmental departments or bureaus have their websites with information about food
safety policies and other issues. People can easily access the information.
26. According to pest control experts,poisons should never be used as they may enter
food.
27. Food preparation surfaces and tools should be kept clean.
28. Outer walls are used to stop pests from entering a building from the outside.
29. People can easily access the information about food safety policies from the
government departments and bureaus.
30. The main idea of the passage is how to prevent plants and grass from growing.
I.m more than happy to go out this weekend.
— We.ve got so much work to do at that time.
A. Don.t worry. B. Forget it.
C. Don.t say so,
I.m leaving for Shanghai tomorrow.
—
A. See you later. B. Have a pleasant trip!
C. Let.s go out for a drin
Could Ihelp you with your heavy box? You are so tired.
— I can manage it.
A.No. Thanks. B. Yes,please.
C. All right.
I wonder if I could use your computer tonight?
——
A. Sure,go ahead. B. It doesn.t matter.
C. Who cares?
—
— Fire,fire service please! There.s a huge fire here.
A. 911,how may I direct your call? B. How may I help you?
C. What can I do for you?
A bus driver the safety of his passengers.
A. is responsible in B. is responsible for
C. is responsible to
He gave up his study in college in
A. bundle B. despair
C. ash
The manager urged his staff not to the splendid opportunity.
A. slide B. miss
C. escape
A number of boys absent some time during the term.
A. have been B. has been
C. will
This is the book I have learned a lot.
A. to which B. by whom
C. from which
Let.s go the reports on the latest work.
A. over B. with
C. to