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山东第一医科大学英语（4）
It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside, the organizational constraints influence wage increases. One thing, however, is certain : your chances of getting the raise you feel you deserve are less if you don’t at least ask for it .Men tend to ask for more, and they get more, and this holds true with other resources , not just pay increases.
Consider Beth’s story: I did not get what I wanted when I did not ask for it .We had cubicle offices and window offices .I sat in the cubicles with several male colleagues. One by one they were moved into window offices, while I remained in the cubicles. Several males who were hired after me also went to offices. One in particular told me he was next in line for and office and it had been part of his negotiations for the job. I guess they thought me content to stay in cubicles since I did not voice my opinions either way.
It would be nice if we all received automatic pay increases equal to our merit, but “nice” isn’t a quality attributed to most organizations. If you feel you deserve a significant raise in pay, you’ll probably have to ask for it.
Performance is your best bargaining chip when you are seeking a raise. You must be able to demonstrate that you deserve a raise. Timing is also a good bargaining chip. If you can give you boss something he or she needs (a new client or a sizable contract, for example) just before merit pay decisions are being made, you are more likely to get the raise you want.
Use information as a bargaining chip too. Find out what you are worth on the open market. What will someone else pay for your services?
Go into the negotiations prepared to place your chips on the table at the appropriate time and prepared to use communication style to guide the direction of the interaction.
（10分）
(1)According to the passage, before taking a job, a person should ____________.（2分）
Ademonstrate his capability
Bgive his boss a good impression
Cask for as much money as he can
Dask for the salary he hopes to get
正确答案D您的答案是 D回答正确展开
(2)What can be inferred from Beth’s story?（2分）
APrejudice against women still exists in some organizations.
BIf people want what they deserve, they have to ask for it.
CPeople should not be content with what they have got.
DPeople should be careful when negotiating for a job.
正确答案B您的答案是 B回答正确展开
(3)We can learn from the passage that ___________.（2分）
AUnfairness exists in salary increases.
BMost people are overworked and underpaid.
COne should avoid overstating one’s performance.
DMost organizations give their staff automatic pay raises.
正确答案A您的答案是 A回答正确展开
(4)To get a pay raise, a person should ____________.（2分）
Aadvertise himself on the job market
Bpersuade his boss to sign a long-term contract
Ctry to get inside information about the organization
Ddo something to impress his boss just before merit pay decisions
正确答案D您的答案是 D回答正确展开
(5)To be successful in negotiations, one must ___________.（2分）
Ameet his boss at the appropriate time
Barrive at the negotiation table punctually
Cbe good at influencing the outcome of the interaction
Dbe familiar with what the boss likes and dislikes
Would you mind keeping a（n) _________ on the house for us while we are away？ A . eye B . look C . hand D . view
How many more decades will have to pass scientists succeed in providing a cure for cancer？ A . when B . before C . since D . until
Her work is often very hard and she gets very tired.The work is _________ . A . wonderful B . splendid C . tedious D . magnificent
With everything she needed ， she went out of the shop， with her hands full of shopping bags. A . bought B . to buy C . buying D . buy
Whenever I met him， _____________ was fairly frequent， ___________ I liked his sweet and hopeful smile. A . which ...不填 C . it ...that D . what ...不填
I don’t think the charge for overhauling (大修) the equipment is excessive in _________ to its size. A . correspondence B . equation C . proportion D . dimension
They are going downtown ______ bus instead of _____ their bikes. A . by;by B . on; by C . by; in D . by; on
By no means _________ to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn.t convenient for her family and herself. A . Jane will agree B . will Jane agree C . Jane will disagree D . will Jane disagree
The taxi driver was put in prison because his car had knocked down a child. His wife went to ______ prison to see him twice a month. A . /; / B . the; the C . /; the D . the; /
The meeting was _________ when the chairman fell ill. A . put down B . shut down C . cut short D . taken off
Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps （1） the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, distributing reading material and giving out （2） .The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and wonders what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture （3） notes which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the （4） to understand. Most institutions provide courses which assist new students to develop the skills they need to be effective listeners and note-takers. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which（5） learners to practice these skills independently .In all cases it is important to tackle the problem （6） actually starting your studies. It is important to （7） that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills required in college study. One way of （8） these difficulties is to attend the language and study ---skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the （9） year. Another basic strategy is to find a study partner （10） it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support
After practicing as a surgeon for several years, Dr.Ginoux decided to apply for membership in the American College of Surgeons(美国外科医生学会), a highly selective and distinguished professional organization. As part of the application procedure(手续), Dr.Ginoux was asked to prepare a list of the operations performed in the previous seven years. Slowly, as she worked on the long list, she began to feel uncertain. She began to question some of her decisions. Had she used the best technique in that case? Maybe, in this case, she should have run one more test before operating? On the other hand, maybe she should have … Would the doctors on the selection committee understand that, as the only trained surgeon in the area, she usually could not get advice form others and therefore, had to rely completely on her own judgment? For the first time, Dr.Ginoux felt lonely and isolated. The longer Dr.Ginoux worked on the application forms, the more depressed she became. As hope faded, she wondered if a “country doctor” had a realistic chance of being accepted by the American College of Surgeons.
On my way to work one morning, I met Rudy Ruettiger, who is now a motivational speaker. He has grown up in Joliet, listening to stories about Notre Dame and dreaming of one day playing football there. Friends told him he wasn’t a good enough student to be admitted. So he gave up his dream and went to work in a power plant. Then a friend is killed in an accident at work. Shocked, Rudy suddenly realized that life is too short not to pursue your dreams. In 1972, at the age of 23, he enrolled at Holy Cross Junior College in South Bend, Ind. He got good enough grades to transfer to Notre Dame, where he finally made the football team as a member of the “scout team”, the players who help the team prepare for games. Rudy was living his dream, almost. But he wasn’t allowed to suit up for the games themselves. The next year, after Rudy requested it, the coach told Rudy he could put on his uniform for the season’s final game. And there he sat, on the Notre Dame bench during the game. A student started shouting, “ We want Rudy！” soon others joined in. Finally, at the age of 27, with 27 seconds left to play, Rudy Ruettiger was sent onto the field and made the final tackle (拦截). So his team won the game. When I met Rudy 17 year later, it was in the parking lot outside Notre Dame stadium (体育场)， where a camera crew was filming scenes for Rudy, a motion picture about his life. His story illustrate that there is no limit to where your dreams can take you pursue our vision with stubborn (顽强的) consistency. The biggest difference between people who succeed and those who don’t is not usually talent but persistence.
They were both red in the face from running.
Would you mind keeping a（n) _________ on the house for us while we are away？ A . eye B . look C . hand D . view
How many more decades will have to pass scientists succeed in providing a cure for cancer？ A . when B . before C . since D . until
Her work is often very hard and she gets very tired.The work is _________ . A . wonderful B . splendid C . tedious D . magnificent
With everything she needed ， she went out of the shop， with her hands full of shopping bags. A . bought B . to buy C . buying D . buy
Whenever I met him， _____________ was fairly frequent， ___________ I liked his sweet and hopeful smile. A . which ...不填 C . it ...that D . what ...不填
I don’t think the charge for overhauling (大修) the equipment is excessive in _________ to its size. A . correspondence B . equation C . proportion D . dimension
They are going downtown ______ bus instead of _____ their bikes. A . by;by B . on; by C . by; in D . by; on
By no means _________ to move to a new place far away from her workplace, because it isn.t convenient for her family and herself. A . Jane will agree B . will Jane agree C . Jane will disagree D . will Jane disagree
The taxi driver was put in prison because his car had knocked down a child. His wife went to ______ prison to see him twice a month. A . /; / B . the; the C . /; the D . the; /
The meeting was _________ when the chairman fell ill. A . put down B . shut down C . cut short D . taken off
Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps （1） the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, distributing reading material and giving out （2） .The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and wonders what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture （3） notes which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the （4） to understand. Most institutions provide courses which assist new students to develop the skills they need to be effective listeners and note-takers. If these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which（5） learners to practice these skills independently .In all cases it is important to tackle the problem （6） actually starting your studies. It is important to （7） that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills required in college study. One way of （8） these difficulties is to attend the language and study ---skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the （9） year. Another basic strategy is to find a study partner （10） it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support
After practicing as a surgeon for several years, Dr.Ginoux decided to apply for membership in the American College of Surgeons(美国外科医生学会), a highly selective and distinguished professional organization. As part of the application procedure(手续), Dr.Ginoux was asked to prepare a list of the operations performed in the previous seven years. Slowly, as she worked on the long list, she began to feel uncertain. She began to question some of her decisions. Had she used the best technique in that case? Maybe, in this case, she should have run one more test before operating? On the other hand, maybe she should have … Would the doctors on the selection committee understand that, as the only trained surgeon in the area, she usually could not get advice form others and therefore, had to rely completely on her own judgment? For the first time, Dr.Ginoux felt lonely and isolated. The longer Dr.Ginoux worked on the application forms, the more depressed she became. As hope faded, she wondered if a “country doctor” had a realistic chance of being accepted by the American College of Surgeons.
On my way to work one morning, I met Rudy Ruettiger, who is now a motivational speaker. He has grown up in Joliet, listening to stories about Notre Dame and dreaming of one day playing football there. Friends told him he wasn’t a good enough student to be admitted. So he gave up his dream and went to work in a power plant. Then a friend is killed in an accident at work. Shocked, Rudy suddenly realized that life is too short not to pursue your dreams. In 1972, at the age of 23, he enrolled at Holy Cross Junior College in South Bend, Ind. He got good enough grades to transfer to Notre Dame, where he finally made the football team as a member of the “scout team”, the players who help the team prepare for games. Rudy was living his dream, almost. But he wasn’t allowed to suit up for the games themselves. The next year, after Rudy requested it, the coach told Rudy he could put on his uniform for the season’s final game. And there he sat, on the Notre Dame bench during the game. A student started shouting, “ We want Rudy！” soon others joined in. Finally, at the age of 27, with 27 seconds left to play, Rudy Ruettiger was sent onto the field and made the final tackle (拦截). So his team won the game. When I met Rudy 17 year later, it was in the parking lot outside Notre Dame stadium (体育场)， where a camera crew was filming scenes for Rudy, a motion picture about his life. His story illustrate that there is no limit to where your dreams can take you pursue our vision with stubborn (顽强的) consistency. The biggest difference between people who succeed and those who don’t is not usually talent but persistence.
They were both red in the face from running.