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信阳师范大学美国文学史
A superb book () came out of Thoreau ‘s two-year experience at Walden Pond.
From Thoreau ‘s Concord jail experience, came his famous essay ―() ”.
In 1850, Nathaniel Hawthorne brought out his masterpiece () , the story of a triangle love affair in colonial America
Herman Melville ‘s novel () is a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.
In ―I Hear America Singing ‖,() depicts the beauty of labor and laborers.
For the whole 19 th century ()was the only woman poet who enjoys high academic esteem today. She has been acclaimed as a poet of philosophical and tragi cdimensions, a poet who was responsive to the challenging questions of man, nature and human consciousness.
The American Romantic period stretches from the end of the 18 th century through the outburst of the () .

In The Pioneers , () represents the ideal American, living a virtuous and free life in God ‘s world.
The way in which Hawthorne wrote () suggests that American omanticism adapted itself to American Puritan morality.
From the listless repose of the place, and the peculiar character of its inhabitants, who are descendants from[he original Dutch settlers, this sequestered glen has long been known by the name of SLEEPY HOLLOW, and its rustic lads are called the Sleepy Hollow Boys throughout all the neighboring country. Drowsy and dreamy influence seems to hang over the land,and to pervade the very atmosphere. Some say that the place was bewitched by a high German doctor, during the early days of the settlement; others, that an old Indian chief, the prophet or wizard of his tribe, held his powwows there before the country was discovered by Master Hendrick Hudson. Questions: (1) Who is the writer of this short story from which the passage is taken? (2) What is the title of this short story? (3) Give a definition of “sho.r t story ”
The opinions of this junto were completely controlled by Nicholas Vedder, a patriarch of the village, and landlord of the inn, at the door of which he took his seat from morning till night, just moving sufficiently to avoid the sun and keep in the shade of a large tree; so that the neighbors could tell the hour by his movements as accurately as by a sundial. It is true he was rarely heard to speak, but smoked his pipe incessantly. His adherents, however (for every great man has his adherents), perfectly understood him, and knew how to gather his opinions. When anything that was read or related displeased him, he was observed to smoke his pipe vehemently, and to send forth short, frequent and angry puffs; but when pleased, he would inhale the smoke slowly and tranquilly, and emit it in light and placid clouds; and sometimes, taking the pipe from his mouth, and letting the fragrant vapor curl about his nose, would gravely nod his head in token of perfect approbation. From even this stronghold the unlucky Rip was at length routed by his termagant wife, who would suddenly break in upon the tranquility of the assemblage and call the members all to naught; nor was that august personage, Nicholas Vedder himself, sacred from the daring tongue of this terrible virago, who charged him outright with encouraging her husband in habits of idleness. 1. Who was the writer of this story? What is the title of this story? (2 points) 2. Who was Nicholas Vedder? (1 point) 3. How did he express his opinions on public matters?
Success Success is counted sweetest Those who ne ’ er succeed. To comprehend a nectar Requires sorest need. Not one of all the purple host Who took the flag today Can tell the definition, So clear, of victory, As he, defeated, dying, On whose forbidden ear The distant strains of triumph Break, agonized and clear. 1. Who is the author of the poem? (1 ’) 2. According to the poem, what best understands success? (1 ’) 3. In your opinion, who wants most t o succeed4. Translate the first stanza into Chinese. (2 ’)
When a girl leaves her home at eighteen, she does one of two things. Either she falls into saving hands and becomes better, or she rapidly assumes the cosmopolitan standard of virtue and becomes worse. Of an intermediate balance, under the circumstances, there is no possibility. The city has its cunning wiles, no less than the infinitely smaller and more human tempter. There are large forces which allure with all the soulfulness of expression possible in the most cultured human. The gleam of a thousand lights is often as effective as the persuasive light in a wooing and fascinating eye. Half the undoing of the unsophisticated and natural mind is accomplished by forces wholly superhuman. A blare of sound, a roar of life, a vast array of human hives, appeal to the astonished senses in equivocal terms. Without a counsellor at hand to whisper cautious interpretations, what falsehoods may not these things breathe into the unguarded ear! Unrecognised for what they are, their beauty, like music, too often relaxes, then weakens, then perverts the simpler human perceptions. Questions 1. Please use one phrase to summarize the above paragraph’) (2 2. What are the two possibilities for a girl of eighteen leaving her home?(2’) 3. Please find out the figures of speech (2’) 4. What are the attractive forces mentioned in a big city? (4’) 5. How are naturalist views are reflected in this paragraph? Illustrate your points with examples (5’)
Two roads diverged in a yellow wood, And sorry I could not travel both And be one traveler, long I stood And looked down one as far as I could To where it bent in the undergrowth; Then took the other, as just as fair, And having perhaps the better claim, Because it was grassy and wanted wear; Though as for that the passing there Had worn them really about the same, And both that morning equally lay In leaves no step had trodden black. Oh, I kept the first for another day! Yet knowing how way leads on to way, I doubted if I should ever come back. I shall be telling this with a sigh Somewhere ages and ages hence: Two roads diverged in a wood, and I— I took the one less traveled by, And that has made all the difference. Questions: (1) Please examine the poetic form (rhyme and meter) (2 ’) (2) Describe the similarities and differences of these two roads. Which one does the speaker take? (3 ’(3) How do you understand the word “sigh ”? (4 ’) (4) What might the two roads stand for in the speaker 2’)’s mind? ( (5) What is the theme of this poem? (2 ’)
Judge the authors of these works and fill them on the Answer Sheet.1. Mosses from an Old Manse 2. “Israfel ” 3. “The Flesh and the Spirit ” 4. Life of George Washington 5. The Pathfinder 6. “the Wild Honey Suckle ” 7. The Flood of Years 8. “The Poetic Principle ” 9. The Blithedale Romance 10 “The Indian Burying Ground