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To my great surprise the food was still on the table,murder.
A.not to be touched
B.untouched
D. no touch
C.untouching
Many countries still execute people who serious crimes,especially D.violate C.carry A.commit B.do
A new kind of machine (21) to take the place of humans.These machines can do jobs that are too dangerous for humans. (22),they are being developed to work in nuclear power centers,deep waters and outer space. This is how the new machines work.A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who controls it.The person wears a special hard hat with tiny television screens.The screens (23) the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing.This gives the person the feeling of being in the same place_ (24) the machine.The person controls the machine.The machine follows thepesor.s nouenenls cuctly,If the reron raises his ritht am, the modhine aine the ragle arn twoker can do a daungerous job while_(26) in a sate place.Forexample,a pThis means an (25)can direct the machine (27) a bomb (28) going near the bomb himself. The ney machines are not exactly (29) robots.Robots are controled by a computer.The row machines are controlled by a person.The new mechines are called teleoperators.The nuedlear pone industry is especially interested in teleoperators.The machines could solve the problem of (30) radioactive materials. 21.A.is developing B.has developed C.develops D.is being developed 22. A.For example B.Such as C.If D.And so on 23. A.let B.enable C.cause D.allow 24. A.of B.like C.as D.for 25. A.experiencing B.experienced C.experiences D.experience 26. A.stay B.to stay C.stays D.staying 27. A.to remove B.removing C.removed D.remove 28. A. by B.without C.except D.from 29. A.like B.resemble C.as D.the same 30. A.copying B.developing C.moving D.charging
New scheme(计划）for getting children to and from school is being started by the education authorities in part of Eastern England.This could end the worries of many parents fearful for their children.s safety on the roads. Until now the County Council has only been prepared to provide bus services for children living more than three miles from their school,or sometimes less if special reasons existed.Now it has been decided that if a group of parents ask for help in organizing transport they will be prepared to go ahead,provided the arrangement will not lose money and that children taking part will be attending their nearest school. The new scheme is to be tried out this term for children living at Milton who attend Impington school.The children live just within the three-mile limit and the Council has said in the past it will not undertake to provide free transport to the school. But now they have agreed to organize a bus service from Milton to Impington and back,a plan which has the support of the school.s headmaster. Between 50 and 60 parents have Baid they would like their children to take part.Final caleulationrs have still to be carried out,but a Council official has said the cost to parents should be less than 6.50 a term. 31.The children the Council ran buses for in the pest were hoe A.who were not able to walk B.who would have had to walk otherwise C.whose parents were worried about them D.who had to travel more than 3 miles 32.Taking part in the Council.s trial scheme are children who A.live in Milton and go to Impington school B.live in Impington and go to Milton school C.live in Milton and go to Milton school D.live in Impington and go to Impington school 33.The new bus service will run A.only on the journey to school in the morning B.in connection with an existing service e.only for children living more than three miles away D.only in wet weather 34.Agreement to pay for the new bus service has been obtained from A.the bus company B.the County Council C.the school.s headmaster D.the parents The parents the Council is now going to contact are those A.who don.t want to pay B.who have not yet answered letters C.whose children stay away from school D.who asked about transport before
As protector of her family.s health,the poineer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi.Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites,or arrow wounds.Even when doctors were available,they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients.And most patent(专利） medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant(巡游） merchants who sold them. In certain cases,a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home;Western mosquitoes,for example,proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins.More often,however,a woman was guided only by her own ingenuity in concocting(调制的）tonics(补药），powders,poisons,and polishes from whatever she had at land: salt made a passable toothpaste,gunpowder was applied to wants,and turpentine to open cuts,goose grease,skunk oil,and the ever present lard were basic liniments;medicinal teas and tonics wen brewed from sunflower seeds and roots. 36.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? A.Many people who went West were doctors. B.Medicine and the people who sold it were not reliable. C.Many pioneer women died from bites inflicted by snakes and mosquitoes. D.Pioneer women had to invent their own remedies when they moved West. 37.According to the passage,why were doctors in the West sometimes unable to help thei patients? A.They did not know how to treat the unfamiliar illnesses. B.They were more interested in establishing practices in the cities. C.They were more concerned with doing research than with treating patients. D.They were often overcome by diseases caught from their patients. 38.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about patent medicines? A.They did not cost much. B.They helped heal snake bites. C.They did not work very well. D.They had a strong taste. 39.It can be inferred that most of the pioneers referred to in the passage were originally from where in the United States? A.The desert. B.The West. C.The State of Mississippi. D.The East. 40.As used in line 8,the word"cousins" refers to A.similar medicines B.mosquitoes in the East C.people with the same beliefs D.family members in the West Passage Three
The kids at Shute Country Primary School in Devon are surprisingly quiet when it.s time to go home in the afternoon.Instead of the usual shouting and running you can hear them asking each other,"Are the lights all off?""Shall we check the taps in case they are dripping?""How many paper towels did we use today?" But it.s not unusual here.The kids have declared a war on waste. ＂We.ve never made the children do anything,"explained Liz Templar,the school.s head teacher. ＂They came up with all the ideas themselves.They.re doing this because they want to." If you take a look around the school you won.t see anything thrown away unnecessarily. Everything is collected and reused,or sent to be recycled. Shute School started its green revolution two years ago.They looked carefully at every part of school life-from the teaching to the cleaning.They looked at the stationery(文具）that was used- especially photocopying,the way cleaning was carried out,and how food was used-and wasted!could bhey bring more children in fewer car? deh on the liat wos the wase of Popec, Next came uariondly dleuning proburk. Pape uelh eoe ouo pun sgoa u paa （自愿地），the childien gove dhem up.Now they bring aple and hoe ne e The school has its own garden where they grow vegelables and flower so thut they ean learmn about eironment.They also use this area for theireryeling soreare aoainen o lae Juminium,bottles,paper and fabric(织物）。 Even the school.s play area is made from recycled things. Since the children started,the school.s heating and lighting bills have fallen obviously and the number of rubbish bags has gone down from seven a week to two or three. Everywhere in Shute School there are bright posters asking everyone to take their rubbish home,to save energy and paper and to keep the green flag flying. 41.The children at Shute School A.are fighting against air pollution B.are learning to save things C.have declared a war on waste D.have found a way to recycle waste things 42.Pupils at Shute Country Primary School bring apples and home-made snacks to school in order to A.create less rubbish B.save money C.obey the school.s rules D.keep their promise 43.We can infer in the passage that"green revolution"in Paragraph 6 means A.beautifying schoolyard B.activity against waste D.throwing away waste C.planting green plants 44.What do the children think creates the most waste? B.Cleaning products. D.Paper. A.Paper towels. C.Snacks. 45.We learn from the text that the children.s behavior_ A.was forced by their head teacher B.has saved the school.s cost C.worried their parents D.has brought arguments Passage Four
Sequoyah was a young Cherokee Indian,son of a white trader and an Indian Squaw(北美印第安。 女人）。At an early age,he became fascinated by "tile talking leaf",an expression that he used to describe the white man.s written recorde.Although many believe this"talking leaf"to be a gift from tile Great Spirit,Sequoyah refused to accept that theory.Like other Indians of tile period,he wes illiterate, but his determination to remedy tile situation led to the invention of a unique 86 character al phabet based on the sound patterns that he heard. His family and friends thought him mad,but while recuperating(恢复）from a hunting aociden, he diligently and independentdly set out to creute a form of communication for his own people a wellas for other Indians.In 1821,after twelve years of work,he had successfully developed a writen langouage that would enable thousands of Indians to read and write. Sequoyah.s desire to preserve words and events for later generation has caused him to be remembered among the important inventors.The giant redwood trees of California,called"sequoias(红杉）＂in his honor,will further imprint his name in history. 46.What is the most important reason that Sequoyah will be remembered? A.California redwoods were named in his honor. B. He was illiterate. C.He created a unique alphabet. D.He recovered from his madness and helped mankind. 47.How did Sequoyah.s family react to his idea of developing his own"talking leaf"? A.They arranged for his hunting accident. B.They thought he was crazy. C.They decided to help him. D.They asked him to teach them to read and write. 48.What prompted Sequoyah to develop his alphabet? A.People were writing things about him that he couldn.t read. B.He wanted to become famous. C.After his hunting accident,he needed something to keep him busy. D.Future generations. 49.How would you describe Sequoyah? A.Determined. B.Mad. C.Backward. D.Meek(温顺的）。 50.Which of the following is NOT true? A.Sequoyah developed a form of writing with the help of the Cherokee tribe. B.Sequoyah was a very observant young man. C.Sequoyah spent twelve years developing his alphabet. D.Sequoyah was honored by having some trees named after him.
It is natural that children are curious about the world around them.For example,they want to know how their hearts beat.They want to know why the ocean water tastes salty. As children grow up,they become curious about different kinds of things.When they are babies, they are interested in the parte of their bodies and in the smiles of their mothers.Then they become interested in the physical world around them:the plants,the animals,and the sky.Later,they become interested in the things that people have made:wheels,bicycles,cars.And when they are nules,theirecuriosity econtinues,Sometimes huis curoeily leaulk to a curer in sciemnce. Scientists spend their lives trying to find out about the world.Thoe who work with the earth ociences study the earth,the ceans,and the akies.Other aeiemtins who touly loring lhinge work wilh the biological sciences.A thicd goup of scientistk audy the phywical wieces,e g phyuice, chemistry.These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world.For example,they lell us why your heaurt beats fast when you run.They say thet when you are quiet,your heart normlly beats sixty-five or scventy-five times a minute.Your heart is a pump(泵）that pumps bloud to all parte of the body.The blood carries oxygen and nutrition.When you run,your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the blood carries to them.The muscles need oxygen,too.So your bruin sends a signal to the heart.The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen.Then the heart beats fast and sends blood quickly to the muscles.It may beat 90 to 140 times a minute. Of course,scientists cannot answer all of our questions.If we ask,"Why does the ocean water taste salty"scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks.When a rock gets very hot or very cold,it cracks.Rain falls into cracks.The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers.The rivers carry the salt into the ocean.But then we ask,"What happens to the salt in the ocean?The ocean does not get saltier every year,"scientists are not sure about the answer to this question. We know a lot about our world,but there are still many answers that we do not have,and we are curious. 51.According to the text,which of the following statements is true? A.People are curious in almost the same way. B.People in different countries are interested in different things. C.Men and women are curious about different things. D.People of different ages are interested in different things. 52.Scientists who work with the biological sciences study B.the earth,the oceans and the sky A.ocean water C.plants and animals D.man-made things 53.When you run,your muscles need B.water A.more nutrition and oxygen D.more signals C.more salt 54.A rock cracks A.when rain falls onto it B.in dry regions C.at very high or very low temperatures D.when salty water falls in it 55.People are always curious about the world because A.they cannot explain many things B.they know nothing about the world C.they know little about the world D.they want to be scientists
Directions:Pick out the appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogues by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. A.No,He.s not in now. B.Some other time,maybe. C.I wanted to. D.How did it finish? E.It goes very well with my coat. F. It was quite good. G.What a pity! H.Any idea that he will be back? 56.Mary:Would you like to come for dinner sometime? Jane:I.d love to.But I am pretty busy at the moment. izote msod Mary:Ok.____
时间：2018年6月12日下午2:00 地点：一号会议室 出席者：Mr.Jack,Mr. Rain,Mrs. Black,Mr.Woodrow,Mr. Brian(销售经理） 缺席者：Mrs.Lesley 内容：1.Jack 先生首先发言，汇报了2017年度的销售利润，比前一年增加了两倍； 2.Rain 先生对取得的成绩表示满意并宣布了新的投资计划； 3.Brian 先生分析了在销售过程中的困难和地区间的不平衡，希望公司能调整销售策略 以满足不同地区的需求； 4.所有与会者都认为在最后决定之前再要对市场做进一步的分析； 5.下午6:00会议结束。 Words for reference:出席者 attendant,调整 adjust,策略 strategy,分析 analyze,地区 间的不平衡 unbalance of different regions,投资计划 investment plan.
Football is the most popular sport in the fall in the United States.The game originated as a(an) (21) sport more than seventy-five years ago.It is still played by almost every college and university in the country,and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities (22) ＿as many as 80,000 people.The game is not the same as European football.There are eleven players in each team,and (23) in padded uniforms because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.The (24) of the game is to carry or throw from one person to another the ball across the opponent.s goal,or scoring line.(25) has not attended a large college football game hus missed one of the most colorful aspects of He American college life.( 26) the two halves of the game,the playing field if taken over by the bande（乐队）of the rival institutions,(27) take turns doing intricate marches and executing interesting formations.The student spectators are led in cheering for their team by trained,uniformed student cheerleaders, (28) are pretty girls.Outstanding high school football players are usually encouraged to come to a college and university (29) offers of scholarships and free room and board.Football is so popular and the urge to win is so keen,that many colleges actively (30) outstanding players for their student body.Attendance at football games is so large that it is not unheard of for a college or university to finance its entire athletic program from ticket sales. 21. A. outdoor B.worldwide C.college D.unpopular 22.A.sit B.seat C.are sat D.are seated 23.A. dressed B. are dressed C.wear D.are worn 24.A.object B. purpose D.procedure C.result 25.A. perhaps B.probably D. may C.who 26.A. During B.As for D.At C.Between 27.A.and B./ C.which D.they 28.A.many of them B.many of whom C. each of them D. each of whom 29. A.by B.and C. with D.for A. demand B.ask C.press D.for
Early this year,Captain Startup was flying an aeroplane over New Zealand.There was a television camera crew on board.Suddenly,out in the night sky,a bright sphere came into view.Everyone on board saw it and everyone thought,"UFO"-Unidentified Flying Object.Many people believe that a UFO is a visiting craft from outer space.The camera crew went into action and started filming.That week people all over the world saw the film of this mysterious light on their television screens.Someone described the object as"a shining ping-pong ball".What was it?Was it a spaceship full of visitors from another planet?The Captain and the film crew believed it was.Other observers had many different explanations.Some say it was Venus.Some say it was just a trick of light.The people on the aeroplane were not the only ones who saw the"UFO".An air traffic controller also saw it on his radar Screen.When a reporter asked him if he believed in UFOs,he said,"I don.t know what they are,but I.ve got an open mind on them."Like many scientists,he thought that a flock of birds caused dots on his radar screen when the UFO appeared. Most astronomers now believe that what these people saw was almost certainly the planet Venus.At that time of year it is very bright and easy to see.And from a moving aeroplane it can appear to be moving fast.So far there is no proof that UFOs or spaceships from other planets do exist. 31.The UFO the people on board the plane saw is A.a long object B.a square object C.a round object D.a short object 32.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.The captain believed that the UFO was visiting craft from outer space. B.The camera crew believed that the UFO was visiting craft from outer space. C.The air traffic controller believed that the UFO was visiting craft from outer space. D.Many people believed that the UFO was visiting craft from outer space. 33.Which of the following possibilities is NOT mentioned? A.The UFO was from outer space. B.The UFO was another plane. C.The UFO was an unusual effect of light. D.The UFO was Venus. 34. ＂I don.t know what they are but I.ve got an open mind on them"(in the second paragraph) probably means that A.he believes the UFO comes from outer space B.he disbelieves the UFO comes from outer space C.he neither believes nor disbelieves that the UFO comes from outer space D.he agreed with most of the people 35.According to the passage,the writer probably means to say that A.UFO doesn.t really exist B.UFO is really unidentified J 0OH C.UFO comes from outer space D.UFO is only people.s imagination
The flying fox is not a fox at all.It is an extra large bat that has got a fox.s head,and that feeds on fruit instead of insects.Like all bats,flying foxes.hang themselves by their toes when it rest,and travel in great crowds when out flying.A group will live in one spot for years.Sometimes several hundreds of them occupy(占据）a single tree.As they return to the tree toward sunrise,they quarrel among themselves and fight for the best places until long after daylight. Flying foxes have babies once a year,giving birth to only one at a time.At first the mother has to carry the baby on her breast wherever she goes.Later she leaves it hanging up,and brings back food for it to eat.Sometimes a baby falls down to the ground and squeaks(尖叫）for help.Then the older ones swoop(俯冲）down and try to pick it up.If they fail to do so,it will die.Often hundreds of dead baby bats can be found lying on the ground at the foot of a tree. 36.The passage tells us that there is no difference between the flying fox and the ordinary bat in A.their size B.their appearance C.the way they rest D.the kind of food they eat 37.Flying foxes tend to A.double their number every year B.lose a lot of their babies C.move from place to place constantly D.fight and kill a lot of themselves 38.At daybreak every day flying foxes begin to A.fly out toward the sun B.look for a new resting place C.come back to their home D.go out and look for food 39.Flying foxes have fights A.to occupy the best resting places B.only when it is dark C.to protect their homes from outsiders D.when there is not enough food 40.How do flying foxes care for the young ones? A.They only care for their own babies. B.They share the feeding of their young. C.They help when a baby bat is in danger. D.They often leave home and forget their young.
A college education is an investment in the future.But it can be a costly investment.The College Board estimates that the costs at four-year public college in the United States increased ten percent this past school year.That was less than the thirteen percent increase the year before,but still much higher than the inflation rate.Public colleges and universities still cost a lot less than private ones. Financial aid often helps.But financial advisers tell parents to start college savings plans when their child is still very young. All fifty states and the District of Columbia offer what are called five-twenty-nine plans.These plans are named after the part of the federal tax law that created them 1996.States use private investment companies to operate most programs. Every state has its own rules governing five-twenty-nine plans.Some of the plans are free of state taxes.And all are free of federal taxes.However,the government could start to tax withdrawals in 2011 if Congress does not change the law. Five-twenty-nine plans include investment accounts that increase or decrease in value with the investments they contain.Families must decide how aggressively they want to put money into stocks, bonds or other investments. Another kind of five-twenty-nine plans begin to pay for their child.s education long before their child starts college. This kind of savings program is called a prepaid tuition plan.The money goes into an account to pay for an education at a public college or university in the family.s home state. 41.Financial aid can help parents support their children.s A.business plans B.traveling abroad C.future life D.college education 42.Five-twenty-nine plans are. A.financial aids for families B.governed by every state C.tax laws created in 1996 D.plans offered by private investment companies 43.Which is NOT true according to the passage? A.Five-twenty-nine plans are free of state taxes. B. Five-twenty-nine plans include risky investment accounts. C.Five-twenty-nine plans are named after the part of the federal tax law. D.Five-twenty-nine plans are free of federal taxes. 44.A prepaid tuition plan A.allows parents to open a bank account in advance B.allows children to go to college at an early age C.can save parents a big sum of money D.allows parents to pay for their children.s education before starting college 45.From the passage,we know that A.parents.education investment is free of federal taxes in America B.public schools are more popular than private ones in U.S.A. C.all the families in U.S.A.put money into stocks,bonds or other investments D. every state has its own state laws in U.S.A.
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to " rewards";and there is no reason to doubt that this is true.But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards,at least in the early stages,had to be directly related to such basic physiological"drives"as thirst or hunger.In other words,a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort,not otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so.Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome. Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to"reward"the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements,such as turning the head to one side or the other.Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure.So he began to study the children.s responses in situations where no milk was provided.He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement"switched on"a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result.For instance,two left or two right,or even to make as many as three turns to one side.Papousek.s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would ＂smile and bubble"when the display came on.Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them,it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem,in mastering the skill,and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control. 46.According to the author,babies learn to do things which A.are directly related to pleasure B.will meet their physical needs C.will bring them a feeling of success D.will satisfy their curiosity 47.Papusek noticed in his studies that baby. A.would make learned responses when it saw the milk B.would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink C.would continue the simple movements without being given milk D.would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink 48.In Papusek.s experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to A.have the lights turned on B.be rewarded with milk C.please their parents D.be praised 49.The babies would"smile and bubble"at the lights because_ A.the lights were directly related to some basic"drives" B.the sight of the lights was interesting C.they need not turn back to watch the lights D.they succeeded in"switching on"the lights 50.According to Papusek,the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of A.a basic human desire to understand and control the world B.the satisfaction of certain physiological needs C. their strong desire to solve complex problems D.a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills
Many countries still execute people who serious crimes,especially D.violate C.carry A.commit B.do
A new kind of machine (21) to take the place of humans.These machines can do jobs that are too dangerous for humans. (22),they are being developed to work in nuclear power centers,deep waters and outer space. This is how the new machines work.A machine is placed in an area far away from the person who controls it.The person wears a special hard hat with tiny television screens.The screens (23) the person see and hear exactly what the machine is seeing and hearing.This gives the person the feeling of being in the same place_ (24) the machine.The person controls the machine.The machine follows thepesor.s nouenenls cuctly,If the reron raises his ritht am, the modhine aine the ragle arn twoker can do a daungerous job while_(26) in a sate place.Forexample,a pThis means an (25)can direct the machine (27) a bomb (28) going near the bomb himself. The ney machines are not exactly (29) robots.Robots are controled by a computer.The row machines are controlled by a person.The new mechines are called teleoperators.The nuedlear pone industry is especially interested in teleoperators.The machines could solve the problem of (30) radioactive materials. 21.A.is developing B.has developed C.develops D.is being developed 22. A.For example B.Such as C.If D.And so on 23. A.let B.enable C.cause D.allow 24. A.of B.like C.as D.for 25. A.experiencing B.experienced C.experiences D.experience 26. A.stay B.to stay C.stays D.staying 27. A.to remove B.removing C.removed D.remove 28. A. by B.without C.except D.from 29. A.like B.resemble C.as D.the same 30. A.copying B.developing C.moving D.charging
New scheme(计划）for getting children to and from school is being started by the education authorities in part of Eastern England.This could end the worries of many parents fearful for their children.s safety on the roads. Until now the County Council has only been prepared to provide bus services for children living more than three miles from their school,or sometimes less if special reasons existed.Now it has been decided that if a group of parents ask for help in organizing transport they will be prepared to go ahead,provided the arrangement will not lose money and that children taking part will be attending their nearest school. The new scheme is to be tried out this term for children living at Milton who attend Impington school.The children live just within the three-mile limit and the Council has said in the past it will not undertake to provide free transport to the school. But now they have agreed to organize a bus service from Milton to Impington and back,a plan which has the support of the school.s headmaster. Between 50 and 60 parents have Baid they would like their children to take part.Final caleulationrs have still to be carried out,but a Council official has said the cost to parents should be less than 6.50 a term. 31.The children the Council ran buses for in the pest were hoe A.who were not able to walk B.who would have had to walk otherwise C.whose parents were worried about them D.who had to travel more than 3 miles 32.Taking part in the Council.s trial scheme are children who A.live in Milton and go to Impington school B.live in Impington and go to Milton school C.live in Milton and go to Milton school D.live in Impington and go to Impington school 33.The new bus service will run A.only on the journey to school in the morning B.in connection with an existing service e.only for children living more than three miles away D.only in wet weather 34.Agreement to pay for the new bus service has been obtained from A.the bus company B.the County Council C.the school.s headmaster D.the parents The parents the Council is now going to contact are those A.who don.t want to pay B.who have not yet answered letters C.whose children stay away from school D.who asked about transport before
As protector of her family.s health,the poineer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi.Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites,or arrow wounds.Even when doctors were available,they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients.And most patent(专利） medicines were no more reliable than the itinerant(巡游） merchants who sold them. In certain cases,a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home;Western mosquitoes,for example,proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins.More often,however,a woman was guided only by her own ingenuity in concocting(调制的）tonics(补药），powders,poisons,and polishes from whatever she had at land: salt made a passable toothpaste,gunpowder was applied to wants,and turpentine to open cuts,goose grease,skunk oil,and the ever present lard were basic liniments;medicinal teas and tonics wen brewed from sunflower seeds and roots. 36.Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? A.Many people who went West were doctors. B.Medicine and the people who sold it were not reliable. C.Many pioneer women died from bites inflicted by snakes and mosquitoes. D.Pioneer women had to invent their own remedies when they moved West. 37.According to the passage,why were doctors in the West sometimes unable to help thei patients? A.They did not know how to treat the unfamiliar illnesses. B.They were more interested in establishing practices in the cities. C.They were more concerned with doing research than with treating patients. D.They were often overcome by diseases caught from their patients. 38.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about patent medicines? A.They did not cost much. B.They helped heal snake bites. C.They did not work very well. D.They had a strong taste. 39.It can be inferred that most of the pioneers referred to in the passage were originally from where in the United States? A.The desert. B.The West. C.The State of Mississippi. D.The East. 40.As used in line 8,the word"cousins" refers to A.similar medicines B.mosquitoes in the East C.people with the same beliefs D.family members in the West Passage Three
The kids at Shute Country Primary School in Devon are surprisingly quiet when it.s time to go home in the afternoon.Instead of the usual shouting and running you can hear them asking each other,"Are the lights all off?""Shall we check the taps in case they are dripping?""How many paper towels did we use today?" But it.s not unusual here.The kids have declared a war on waste. ＂We.ve never made the children do anything,"explained Liz Templar,the school.s head teacher. ＂They came up with all the ideas themselves.They.re doing this because they want to." If you take a look around the school you won.t see anything thrown away unnecessarily. Everything is collected and reused,or sent to be recycled. Shute School started its green revolution two years ago.They looked carefully at every part of school life-from the teaching to the cleaning.They looked at the stationery(文具）that was used- especially photocopying,the way cleaning was carried out,and how food was used-and wasted!could bhey bring more children in fewer car? deh on the liat wos the wase of Popec, Next came uariondly dleuning proburk. Pape uelh eoe ouo pun sgoa u paa （自愿地），the childien gove dhem up.Now they bring aple and hoe ne e The school has its own garden where they grow vegelables and flower so thut they ean learmn about eironment.They also use this area for theireryeling soreare aoainen o lae Juminium,bottles,paper and fabric(织物）。 Even the school.s play area is made from recycled things. Since the children started,the school.s heating and lighting bills have fallen obviously and the number of rubbish bags has gone down from seven a week to two or three. Everywhere in Shute School there are bright posters asking everyone to take their rubbish home,to save energy and paper and to keep the green flag flying. 41.The children at Shute School A.are fighting against air pollution B.are learning to save things C.have declared a war on waste D.have found a way to recycle waste things 42.Pupils at Shute Country Primary School bring apples and home-made snacks to school in order to A.create less rubbish B.save money C.obey the school.s rules D.keep their promise 43.We can infer in the passage that"green revolution"in Paragraph 6 means A.beautifying schoolyard B.activity against waste D.throwing away waste C.planting green plants 44.What do the children think creates the most waste? B.Cleaning products. D.Paper. A.Paper towels. C.Snacks. 45.We learn from the text that the children.s behavior_ A.was forced by their head teacher B.has saved the school.s cost C.worried their parents D.has brought arguments Passage Four
Sequoyah was a young Cherokee Indian,son of a white trader and an Indian Squaw(北美印第安。 女人）。At an early age,he became fascinated by "tile talking leaf",an expression that he used to describe the white man.s written recorde.Although many believe this"talking leaf"to be a gift from tile Great Spirit,Sequoyah refused to accept that theory.Like other Indians of tile period,he wes illiterate, but his determination to remedy tile situation led to the invention of a unique 86 character al phabet based on the sound patterns that he heard. His family and friends thought him mad,but while recuperating(恢复）from a hunting aociden, he diligently and independentdly set out to creute a form of communication for his own people a wellas for other Indians.In 1821,after twelve years of work,he had successfully developed a writen langouage that would enable thousands of Indians to read and write. Sequoyah.s desire to preserve words and events for later generation has caused him to be remembered among the important inventors.The giant redwood trees of California,called"sequoias(红杉）＂in his honor,will further imprint his name in history. 46.What is the most important reason that Sequoyah will be remembered? A.California redwoods were named in his honor. B. He was illiterate. C.He created a unique alphabet. D.He recovered from his madness and helped mankind. 47.How did Sequoyah.s family react to his idea of developing his own"talking leaf"? A.They arranged for his hunting accident. B.They thought he was crazy. C.They decided to help him. D.They asked him to teach them to read and write. 48.What prompted Sequoyah to develop his alphabet? A.People were writing things about him that he couldn.t read. B.He wanted to become famous. C.After his hunting accident,he needed something to keep him busy. D.Future generations. 49.How would you describe Sequoyah? A.Determined. B.Mad. C.Backward. D.Meek(温顺的）。 50.Which of the following is NOT true? A.Sequoyah developed a form of writing with the help of the Cherokee tribe. B.Sequoyah was a very observant young man. C.Sequoyah spent twelve years developing his alphabet. D.Sequoyah was honored by having some trees named after him.
It is natural that children are curious about the world around them.For example,they want to know how their hearts beat.They want to know why the ocean water tastes salty. As children grow up,they become curious about different kinds of things.When they are babies, they are interested in the parte of their bodies and in the smiles of their mothers.Then they become interested in the physical world around them:the plants,the animals,and the sky.Later,they become interested in the things that people have made:wheels,bicycles,cars.And when they are nules,theirecuriosity econtinues,Sometimes huis curoeily leaulk to a curer in sciemnce. Scientists spend their lives trying to find out about the world.Thoe who work with the earth ociences study the earth,the ceans,and the akies.Other aeiemtins who touly loring lhinge work wilh the biological sciences.A thicd goup of scientistk audy the phywical wieces,e g phyuice, chemistry.These scientists have already discovered a lot about our world.For example,they lell us why your heaurt beats fast when you run.They say thet when you are quiet,your heart normlly beats sixty-five or scventy-five times a minute.Your heart is a pump(泵）that pumps bloud to all parte of the body.The blood carries oxygen and nutrition.When you run,your muscles work very hard and use the nutrition that the blood carries to them.The muscles need oxygen,too.So your bruin sends a signal to the heart.The signal means that the muscles need more nutrition and oxygen.Then the heart beats fast and sends blood quickly to the muscles.It may beat 90 to 140 times a minute. Of course,scientists cannot answer all of our questions.If we ask,"Why does the ocean water taste salty"scientists will say that the salt comes from rocks.When a rock gets very hot or very cold,it cracks.Rain falls into cracks.The rain then carries the salt into the earth and into the rivers.The rivers carry the salt into the ocean.But then we ask,"What happens to the salt in the ocean?The ocean does not get saltier every year,"scientists are not sure about the answer to this question. We know a lot about our world,but there are still many answers that we do not have,and we are curious. 51.According to the text,which of the following statements is true? A.People are curious in almost the same way. B.People in different countries are interested in different things. C.Men and women are curious about different things. D.People of different ages are interested in different things. 52.Scientists who work with the biological sciences study B.the earth,the oceans and the sky A.ocean water C.plants and animals D.man-made things 53.When you run,your muscles need B.water A.more nutrition and oxygen D.more signals C.more salt 54.A rock cracks A.when rain falls onto it B.in dry regions C.at very high or very low temperatures D.when salty water falls in it 55.People are always curious about the world because A.they cannot explain many things B.they know nothing about the world C.they know little about the world D.they want to be scientists
Directions:Pick out the appropriate expressions from the eight choices below and complete the following dialogues by blackening the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. A.No,He.s not in now. B.Some other time,maybe. C.I wanted to. D.How did it finish? E.It goes very well with my coat. F. It was quite good. G.What a pity! H.Any idea that he will be back? 56.Mary:Would you like to come for dinner sometime? Jane:I.d love to.But I am pretty busy at the moment. izote msod Mary:Ok.____
时间：2018年6月12日下午2:00 地点：一号会议室 出席者：Mr.Jack,Mr. Rain,Mrs. Black,Mr.Woodrow,Mr. Brian(销售经理） 缺席者：Mrs.Lesley 内容：1.Jack 先生首先发言，汇报了2017年度的销售利润，比前一年增加了两倍； 2.Rain 先生对取得的成绩表示满意并宣布了新的投资计划； 3.Brian 先生分析了在销售过程中的困难和地区间的不平衡，希望公司能调整销售策略 以满足不同地区的需求； 4.所有与会者都认为在最后决定之前再要对市场做进一步的分析； 5.下午6:00会议结束。 Words for reference:出席者 attendant,调整 adjust,策略 strategy,分析 analyze,地区 间的不平衡 unbalance of different regions,投资计划 investment plan.
Football is the most popular sport in the fall in the United States.The game originated as a(an) (21) sport more than seventy-five years ago.It is still played by almost every college and university in the country,and the football stadiums of some of the largest universities (22) ＿as many as 80,000 people.The game is not the same as European football.There are eleven players in each team,and (23) in padded uniforms because the game is rough and injuries are likely to occur.The (24) of the game is to carry or throw from one person to another the ball across the opponent.s goal,or scoring line.(25) has not attended a large college football game hus missed one of the most colorful aspects of He American college life.( 26) the two halves of the game,the playing field if taken over by the bande（乐队）of the rival institutions,(27) take turns doing intricate marches and executing interesting formations.The student spectators are led in cheering for their team by trained,uniformed student cheerleaders, (28) are pretty girls.Outstanding high school football players are usually encouraged to come to a college and university (29) offers of scholarships and free room and board.Football is so popular and the urge to win is so keen,that many colleges actively (30) outstanding players for their student body.Attendance at football games is so large that it is not unheard of for a college or university to finance its entire athletic program from ticket sales. 21. A. outdoor B.worldwide C.college D.unpopular 22.A.sit B.seat C.are sat D.are seated 23.A. dressed B. are dressed C.wear D.are worn 24.A.object B. purpose D.procedure C.result 25.A. perhaps B.probably D. may C.who 26.A. During B.As for D.At C.Between 27.A.and B./ C.which D.they 28.A.many of them B.many of whom C. each of them D. each of whom 29. A.by B.and C. with D.for A. demand B.ask C.press D.for
Early this year,Captain Startup was flying an aeroplane over New Zealand.There was a television camera crew on board.Suddenly,out in the night sky,a bright sphere came into view.Everyone on board saw it and everyone thought,"UFO"-Unidentified Flying Object.Many people believe that a UFO is a visiting craft from outer space.The camera crew went into action and started filming.That week people all over the world saw the film of this mysterious light on their television screens.Someone described the object as"a shining ping-pong ball".What was it?Was it a spaceship full of visitors from another planet?The Captain and the film crew believed it was.Other observers had many different explanations.Some say it was Venus.Some say it was just a trick of light.The people on the aeroplane were not the only ones who saw the"UFO".An air traffic controller also saw it on his radar Screen.When a reporter asked him if he believed in UFOs,he said,"I don.t know what they are,but I.ve got an open mind on them."Like many scientists,he thought that a flock of birds caused dots on his radar screen when the UFO appeared. Most astronomers now believe that what these people saw was almost certainly the planet Venus.At that time of year it is very bright and easy to see.And from a moving aeroplane it can appear to be moving fast.So far there is no proof that UFOs or spaceships from other planets do exist. 31.The UFO the people on board the plane saw is A.a long object B.a square object C.a round object D.a short object 32.Which of the following statements is NOT true? A.The captain believed that the UFO was visiting craft from outer space. B.The camera crew believed that the UFO was visiting craft from outer space. C.The air traffic controller believed that the UFO was visiting craft from outer space. D.Many people believed that the UFO was visiting craft from outer space. 33.Which of the following possibilities is NOT mentioned? A.The UFO was from outer space. B.The UFO was another plane. C.The UFO was an unusual effect of light. D.The UFO was Venus. 34. ＂I don.t know what they are but I.ve got an open mind on them"(in the second paragraph) probably means that A.he believes the UFO comes from outer space B.he disbelieves the UFO comes from outer space C.he neither believes nor disbelieves that the UFO comes from outer space D.he agreed with most of the people 35.According to the passage,the writer probably means to say that A.UFO doesn.t really exist B.UFO is really unidentified J 0OH C.UFO comes from outer space D.UFO is only people.s imagination
The flying fox is not a fox at all.It is an extra large bat that has got a fox.s head,and that feeds on fruit instead of insects.Like all bats,flying foxes.hang themselves by their toes when it rest,and travel in great crowds when out flying.A group will live in one spot for years.Sometimes several hundreds of them occupy(占据）a single tree.As they return to the tree toward sunrise,they quarrel among themselves and fight for the best places until long after daylight. Flying foxes have babies once a year,giving birth to only one at a time.At first the mother has to carry the baby on her breast wherever she goes.Later she leaves it hanging up,and brings back food for it to eat.Sometimes a baby falls down to the ground and squeaks(尖叫）for help.Then the older ones swoop(俯冲）down and try to pick it up.If they fail to do so,it will die.Often hundreds of dead baby bats can be found lying on the ground at the foot of a tree. 36.The passage tells us that there is no difference between the flying fox and the ordinary bat in A.their size B.their appearance C.the way they rest D.the kind of food they eat 37.Flying foxes tend to A.double their number every year B.lose a lot of their babies C.move from place to place constantly D.fight and kill a lot of themselves 38.At daybreak every day flying foxes begin to A.fly out toward the sun B.look for a new resting place C.come back to their home D.go out and look for food 39.Flying foxes have fights A.to occupy the best resting places B.only when it is dark C.to protect their homes from outsiders D.when there is not enough food 40.How do flying foxes care for the young ones? A.They only care for their own babies. B.They share the feeding of their young. C.They help when a baby bat is in danger. D.They often leave home and forget their young.
A college education is an investment in the future.But it can be a costly investment.The College Board estimates that the costs at four-year public college in the United States increased ten percent this past school year.That was less than the thirteen percent increase the year before,but still much higher than the inflation rate.Public colleges and universities still cost a lot less than private ones. Financial aid often helps.But financial advisers tell parents to start college savings plans when their child is still very young. All fifty states and the District of Columbia offer what are called five-twenty-nine plans.These plans are named after the part of the federal tax law that created them 1996.States use private investment companies to operate most programs. Every state has its own rules governing five-twenty-nine plans.Some of the plans are free of state taxes.And all are free of federal taxes.However,the government could start to tax withdrawals in 2011 if Congress does not change the law. Five-twenty-nine plans include investment accounts that increase or decrease in value with the investments they contain.Families must decide how aggressively they want to put money into stocks, bonds or other investments. Another kind of five-twenty-nine plans begin to pay for their child.s education long before their child starts college. This kind of savings program is called a prepaid tuition plan.The money goes into an account to pay for an education at a public college or university in the family.s home state. 41.Financial aid can help parents support their children.s A.business plans B.traveling abroad C.future life D.college education 42.Five-twenty-nine plans are. A.financial aids for families B.governed by every state C.tax laws created in 1996 D.plans offered by private investment companies 43.Which is NOT true according to the passage? A.Five-twenty-nine plans are free of state taxes. B. Five-twenty-nine plans include risky investment accounts. C.Five-twenty-nine plans are named after the part of the federal tax law. D.Five-twenty-nine plans are free of federal taxes. 44.A prepaid tuition plan A.allows parents to open a bank account in advance B.allows children to go to college at an early age C.can save parents a big sum of money D.allows parents to pay for their children.s education before starting college 45.From the passage,we know that A.parents.education investment is free of federal taxes in America B.public schools are more popular than private ones in U.S.A. C.all the families in U.S.A.put money into stocks,bonds or other investments D. every state has its own state laws in U.S.A.
For some time past it has been widely accepted that babies and other creatures learn to do things because certain acts lead to " rewards";and there is no reason to doubt that this is true.But it used also to be widely believed that effective rewards,at least in the early stages,had to be directly related to such basic physiological"drives"as thirst or hunger.In other words,a baby would learn if he got food or drink or some sort of physical comfort,not otherwise.It is now clear that this is not so.Babies will learn to behave in ways that produce results in the world with no reward except the successful outcome. Papousek began his studies by using milk in the normal way to"reward"the babies and so teach them to carry out some simple movements,such as turning the head to one side or the other.Then he noticed that a baby who had had enough to drink would refuse the milk but would still go on making the learned response with clear signs of pleasure.So he began to study the children.s responses in situations where no milk was provided.He quickly found that children as young as four months would learn to turn their heads to right or left if the movement"switched on"a display of lights-and indeed that they were capable of learning quite complex turns to bring about this result.For instance,two left or two right,or even to make as many as three turns to one side.Papousek.s light display was placed directly in front of the babies and he made the interesting observation that sometimes they would not turn back to watch the lights closely although they would ＂smile and bubble"when the display came on.Papousek concluded that it was not primarily the sight of the lights which pleased them,it was the success they were achieving in solving the problem,in mastering the skill,and that there exists a fundamental human urge to make sense of the world and bring it under intentional control. 46.According to the author,babies learn to do things which A.are directly related to pleasure B.will meet their physical needs C.will bring them a feeling of success D.will satisfy their curiosity 47.Papusek noticed in his studies that baby. A.would make learned responses when it saw the milk B.would carry out learned movements when it had enough to drink C.would continue the simple movements without being given milk D.would turn its head to right or left when it had enough to drink 48.In Papusek.s experiment babies make learned movements of the head in order to A.have the lights turned on B.be rewarded with milk C.please their parents D.be praised 49.The babies would"smile and bubble"at the lights because_ A.the lights were directly related to some basic"drives" B.the sight of the lights was interesting C.they need not turn back to watch the lights D.they succeeded in"switching on"the lights 50.According to Papusek,the pleasure babies get in achieving something is a reflection of A.a basic human desire to understand and control the world B.the satisfaction of certain physiological needs C. their strong desire to solve complex problems D.a fundamental human urge to display their learned skills