Through a series of experiments an American scientist has obtained an understanding of the social structure of the most complex of ant societies. The ants examined are the only creatures other than man to have given up hunting and collecting for a completely agricultural way of life. In their underground nests they cultivate gardens on soil made from finely chopped leaves. This is a complex operation requiring considerable division of labor. The worker of this type of ant can be divided into four groups according to size. Each of groups performs a particular set of jobs.

The making and care of the gardens and the nursing of the young ants are done by the smallest workers. Slightly larger workers are responsible for chopping up leaves to make them suitable for use in the gardens and for cleaning the nest. A third group of still larger ants do the construction work and collect fresh leaves from outside the nest. The largest are the soldier ants, responsible for defending the nest.

To find out how good the various size –groups are at different tasks, the scientist measured the amount of work done by the ants against the amount of energy they used. He examined first the gathering and carrying of leaves. He selected one of the size-groups, and then measured how efficiently these ants could find leaves and run back to the nest. Then he repeated the experiment for each of the other size-groups. In this way he could see whether any other group could do the job more efficiently than the group normally undertaking it.

The intermediate-size ants that normally perform this task proved to be the most efficient for their energy costs, but when the scientist examined the whole set of jobs performed by each group of ants it appeared that some sizes of worker ant were not ideally suited to the particular jobs they performed.

（10分）
(1)In which way are the ants dissimilar to other non-human societies?（2分）
AThey do not need to search for food.
BThey do not need to look for shelter.
CIndividuals vary in social status.
DIndividuals perform different functions.
正确答案A您的答案是 D回答错误展开
(2)It seems that smaller ants perform more of the _______.（2分）
Aconstruction tasks
Bdomestic tasks
Cdefensive work
Dheavy work
正确答案B您的答案是 B回答正确展开
(3)The word “good” (Line 1, Para.3) refers to the ants __________.（2分）
Aco-operation in working
Bsense of responsibility
Cefficiency in working
Dwillingness to work hard
正确答案C您的答案是 A回答错误展开
(4)The scientist’s work was based on ________.（2分）
Aoccasionally observation
Bsystematic observation
Cobservations of several nests
Dobservations of an undisturbed nest.
正确答案B您的答案是 D回答错误展开
(5)The observation of the ants bears the effect of _________.（2分）
Agetting the most work done
Bdividing the work up systematically
Ceach ant helping with all the task
Deach ant doing what it can do best
ERising divorce rate in America today.
正确答案B您的答案是 B回答正确

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